城市低碳社区规划的理论构架与实施策略研究
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摘要
应对气候变化,发展低碳经济已成为当下全球城市所共同面对的核心议题。城市社区作为人们工作、生活、居住的主要场所,已成为低碳经济实现的重要空间载体和应对全球气候变化的重要行动单元。通过对其进行合理规划和科学引导,可以有效减少碳排放和能源消耗。而国内对于城市低碳社区规划的研究主要侧重于城市低碳社区规划案例引介以及城市低碳社区规划理论构建,缺乏对空间、制度、文化要素在构建城市低碳社区中作用的认知以及相应策略的研究。
     本文以城市社区规划在应对气候变暖和发展低碳经济背景下的低碳化需求为研究出发点,以城市低碳社区规划为研究对象,采用理论研究与实证分析相结合的方法,对城市低碳社区规划相关概念进行了界定与辨析,对城市低碳社区规划理论研究及实践进展进行了梳理,对国内城市社区规划现状及发展趋势进行了剖析,概括了城市社区规划的五种新模式。在此基础上,构建了城市低碳社区的研究框架和指标体系,提出了构建城市低碳社区的规划策略框架及相应措施建议,并结合具体工程设计案例对城市低碳社区的规划方法进行了验证。
     研究表明,我国城市社区建设存在着规划设计采用低碳化策略不够、配套措施缺少低碳技术支撑、开发理念及公众消费缺乏低碳意识等的问题,国外城市低碳社区规划实践的生态宜居型、产居综合型、技术创新型等规划模式对我国低碳社区建设具有借鉴意义,可通过交通规划与建筑设计等方面降低能耗,达到低碳绿色目的。城市低碳社区的建设内容主要包括用地布局、低碳建筑、替代能源、资源利用、出行方式五个方面。对城市低碳社区的评述可综合考虑多方面因素,运用层次分析法,构建完整、系统的城市低碳社区评价指标体系。从低碳空间布局、低碳技术支撑、低碳制度构建、低碳文化培育四个方面,采取具体规划策略与技术措施,是城市低碳社区建设的有效途径。
Responding to the climate change, the development of low-carbon economy has already become a core issues which the global city institute faces together immediately. Urban communities as the main place where people work, live, has become an important space carrier of low-carbon economy and an important motion unit to deals with global climate change. Because of its rational planning and scientific guidance, it can effectively reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption. But the home mainly research regarding the urban low-carbon community planning focace on the urban low-carbon community planning case introduces as well as the urban low-carbon community planning theory construction, lack of space, system, culture in constructing the role of low-carbon urban community awareness, and the corresponding strategy.
     This article takeing the low carbonized demand which is in deals with the climate warming and under the development low-carbon economic background as the starting point, and takeing the urban low-carbon community planning as the object of study, uses method which the fundamental research and the empirical analysis unify. It has carried on the limits and the discrimination to the urban low-carbon community planning related concept, combed the urban low-carbon community planning fundamental research and the practice progress, carried on the analysis to the domestic city community planning present situation and the trend of development, and summarized five new patterns of the city community planning. Based on this, the article has constructed the urban low-carbon community's research frame and the indicator system, proposed constructs the urban low-carbon community the plan strategy frame and the suggested that and unified the concrete engineering design case to carry on the confirmation to the urban low-carbon community's plan method.
     The research indicated that city community constructs of our country is lack of the low carbonized strategy insufficient in plans and lack of low-carbon technology support as well as the development idea in matching facilities, and lack of the low-carbon consciousness in the public expends.The planning patterns of the ecology occupies suitably、produces occupies the synthesis、the technological innovation and so on practised by the overseas urban low-carbon community planning have profits from the significance to our country low-carbon community construction.Through reduceing the energy consumption according to transportation plan and architectural design, it can serves the low-carbon green purpose. The urban low-carbon community's construction content mainly includes five aspects:the land layout, the low-carbon construction, the energy alternative, the resources to use, the trip mode. Overall evaluation various factor to the urban low-carbon community's narration, using the utilization analytic hierarchy process, it can construct an urban low-carbon community evaluating indicator system. From the low-carbon spatial arrangement, the low-carbon technology support, the low-carbon system construction, the low-carbon culture cultivate four aspects, adopting the concrete plan strategy and the technical measure is efficient path which the urban low-carbon community constructs.
引文
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