基于市场的建设工程项目造价形成机制研究
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摘要
论文在新兴古典微观经济学框架下,以全而造价管理理论为基础,从市场有效地配置资源,寻求有效率的专业化和分工水平,发现有效率的经济组织结构和交易制度等功能出发,提出了全文的主旨——论证建设工程项目造价为什么必须基于市场来形成;探讨基于市场的建设工程项目造价形成机制。
     文章首先从总体上比较了计划与市场两种价格机制,揭示了市场配置资源的功能及其本质内涵,同时也揭露了计划经济及其价格理论现实运行的内在矛盾,从而揭示出我们选择走社会主义市场经济道路的客观必然性——并以此为基础,对建设工程项目造价形成机制做了初步的分析。然后,对发达市场机制条件下的标准招标投标模型进行剖析,并揭示了建设工程项目造价形成原理;在此基础上,引入一个反映工程造价管理体制市场化程度的内生变量R(0≤R≤1),建立了更一般的招投标选择模型,并依据这一模型,从中国建设领域的现状出发,进一步分析和解释了——政府管制下的建设工程项目造价形成机制为什么是低效率的,而这种低效率的管理体制为什么被强化。据此,明确地回答了建设工程项目造价为什么必须基于市场来形成。
     在上述结论的基础上,从市场寻求有效率的专业化和分工水平以及有效率的经济组织结构和交易制度这一功能出发,文章论证了市场对建设工程项目投资主体和工程造价管理主体的甄选机制;并从建设工程项目投资的不可逆特性出发,依据建设工程项目投资各个阶段的先后顺序,按前期决策、设计、(施工前)承发包、实施建造以及移交等阶段分别论述了其特有的造价形成程序和活动及蕴涵于其中的造价形成机制,进一步揭示了市场甄选有效率的建设工程项目造价形成程序和活动的内涵。至此,从多方面具体探讨了基于市场的建设工程项目造价形成机制。
On New Classical Microeconomic Framework, based on Total Cost Management, according to the function that markets allocate resources efficiently, explore the efficient specialization and level of division of labor, discover efficient structure of economic organization and transaction institutions, etc, the purport of this thesis is put forward: expounding why the cost formation way of civil engineering project should be based on the market and exploring the market mechanism of the cost formation.
    This thesis firstly makes a comparative analysis of the differences between planning and market price mechanism, discovering the function and essence that markets allocate resources, and uncovering the operating contradiction of planning and its price theory, thereby revealing the objective laws that we develop a way to Socialist Market Economy. And after the above discussion, the mechanism of the cost formation of civil engineering project is firstly analyzed. Then, based on analyzing the standard biding model and discovering the formation principle of the cost formation of civil engineering project under developed market mechanism, by adding an endogenous variable R, which reflects the degree of marketlization of the management system in civil engineering project cost, this paper builds up a new general biding model. Under such a model, it makes further analyses and explanations on why the civil engineering cost management system under government control is inefficient and why such inefficient system is in
    tensified. Therefore, this thesis makes a definite conclusion that the cost formation way of civil engineering project should be based on the market.
    
    
    Based on the above conclusion, according to the function that market can explore the efficient specialization and level of division of labour, and discover efficient structure of economic organization and transaction institutions, the paper expound how market select the investment subject and civil engineering cost management subject. Furthermore, based on the irreversibility of civil engineering project investment and its transaction institutions, the paper expounds the special course of cost formation in the proper order of the stages of the investment-early stage's decision, design, biding, construction and transference, etc, and makes a further essence that market select the efficient course of cost formation including the mechanism which exists in it. Therefore, on all sides this thesis specifically explores the mechanism of the cost formation of civil engineering project, which is based on the market.
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