摘要
本文对国内外车辆动态称重的现状进行了较广泛的调研,较系统地探讨了基于动态轴重测量的动态称重方法。
完成了承重板的设计和传感器的选型,搭建了简洁、合理、易安装的动态称重装置——阵列分布式轮重测量台,并对搭建后的系统进行了静态标定。
设计了多次单轮重模拟测量实验,研究了动态称重信号的处理算法、获得了有效的车轮载荷—时间曲线、构建了测量系统的数学模型;针对传感器系统动态响应特性不理想的情况,设计了动态补偿方案,推导了动态补偿算法,并验证了补偿算法的有效性;通过对实验结果进行分析比较,得出了速度越大动态称重的相对误差越大的结论;总结了被称重车辆轮胎中心通过测量台位置的改变对称重结果的影响,给出了几种位置范围内的称重结果情况。
结合实际工程应用实时性的要求,设计了动态轴重测量系统的整体硬件实现方案;设计了电阻应变式称重传感器的信号调理电路(包括放大电路和滤波电路)、基于LTC1867的AD转换电路以及TMS320VC5416和计算机之间的串口通信电路等。
配合硬件电路,设计了数据采集程序、算法处理程序和串口通信程序。并在实验室内对硬件电路和软件程序进行了测试,测试结果表明硬件电路和软件程序基本能够满足系统的功能要求。
We have extensively studied the present status of vehicles WIM at home and abroad and have systematically discussed the WEVI methods based on the dynamic axle load measurement.
We have designed a bearing plate, selected the sensors, and built a new WEVI device which is simple, reasonable, easy to install and array round of distributed wheel load measurement units. After installing, we gave the WIM system static calibration.
We have designed a number of simulant experiments based on single-round load measurement, researched the signal processing algorithms of WIM system, obtained effective curves of wheel load time and set up a mathematical model of the measuring system. Because the dynamic response of sensor system was unperfect, we have designed the project of dynamic compensation, derived algorithm of dynamic compensation and verified the validity of the method of compensation. After analyzing and comparing metrical results, we have found the greater the speed, the greater relative error of the WIM conclusions. We have summed up the impact of changing the vehicle wheel centre on measurement platform to weighing result and given several weighing result according to different locations.
We have designed the integral hardware project of the dynamic axle load measurement system in light of the project's requirement, designed signal processing circuit of the resistance strain weighing transducer (including the amplifying circuit and the filter circuit), and designed the AD transforming circuit based on LTC1867 and the communication interface circuit of RS-232 between TMS320VC5416 and the computer.
According to hardware circuit, we have designed software program of data acquisition, algorithm processing and serial communication. We have tested the hardware circuit and software program in the laboratory and found hardware circuit and software program could meet the basic system requirements.
引文
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