我国网上银行发展战略之研究
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摘要
自1995年安全第一网上银行(SFNB)于美国问世以来,网上银行正以前所未有的速度在世界范围内迅猛发展。作为传统金融业与新经济最完美结合的产物,网上银行超越了时空的限制,实现向客户提供任何时候(Anywhen)、任何地点(Anywhere)以及任何方式(Anyhow)的“3A”服务,正日益成为世界各国银行业发展的必然选择。现今我国已经入世,金融业作为入世后首先开放的行业之一,必然要遵守统一的“游戏规则”而与实力数倍于己的外资银行进行竞争。外资银行进入中国市场后,往往会选择避实就虚,通过网上银行的方式进入中国金融市场,展开与中资银行的全面竞争。中国银行业在网络经济和世界金融一体化的浪潮中,面临着外资银行即将展开的全面竞争,谨慎制定网上银行竞争战略已是迫在眉睫。
     在网上银行建设过程中,西方国家网上银行的发展可为我们提供许多宝贵的经验和教训,然而我国银行业经营环境与西方国家相比较存在着较大的差异,因此深入思考我国网上银行在现有基础上的发展战略,是摆在我们面前的重要课题。有鉴于此,本论文将在大量相关战略管理文献研究的基础上,运用PEST、五种竞争力和价值链等分析方法对我国网上银行发展的内外部环境进行全面系统的分析,总结归纳出现阶段我国网上银行发展所面临的机遇和威胁,以及自身所具有的优势和劣势,借助于SWOT分析、波士顿矩阵和行业生命周期等战略分析与评价工具对我国网上银行发展进行战略定位,制定出适合我国国情的网上银行发展战略目标以及相应的战略决策。最后通过对上海地区银行业的问卷调查,实证探讨了我国网上银行的战略决策状况,以供银行界和相关理论界人士全面审视网上银行提供参考和借鉴。
     对于企业战略管理理论的研究,根据现有的文献资料显示,国内学者一般集中于跟踪性与理论框架类研究,而西方学者则侧重于以案例分析与问卷调查为手段的实证研究。本论文集两种研究方法于一身,在理论分析的基础上进行了深入的实证探讨,显然在研究方法上具有一定的开拓
    
    性。同时,随着现代IT的飞速发展,传统的战略管理与金融理论受到的
    莫大的冲击,对战略管理和金融理论的再思考与研究已成为当今学术界研
    究的新趋势。本论文选题为“我国网上银行的发展战略”,将战略份理理
    论与金融实践相结合,探索战略份理理论在金融领域的应用,因而颇具有
    一定的创新意义。
Since Security First Network Banking (SFNB) came out in U.S. in 1995, Internet banking has been developing rapidly all over the world. As the most perfect result that New Economy combined with traditional financial industry, Internet banking comes across the restrictions of time and space, and realizes to provide "3A" (Anywhen, Anywhere, and Anyhow) services to customers, thus is becoming an important strategic choice that the banks all over the world develop. Now China has entered the WTO. As one of industries open to outside first after entering the WTO, the finance industry will have to comply with uniformed "game rules" and compete with foreign capital banks whose sizes is much larger than the banks of China. Having entering the Chinese market, foreign capital banks will usually keep away from the enemy's main force and strike where the enemy is the weakest, and launch all-round competitions with the banks of China by means of Internet banking. During the tides of Inernet Economy and integrated finance o
    f world, the banks of China face the competion launched by foreign capital banks in the near future. Therefore It's extremely urgent for the banks of China to make out the competition strategy of Internet banking prudently.
    In the process of constructing Internet banking, the development of Internet bankings in western countries can offer a lot of valuable experiences and lessons to us. Howerer, the business environment of the banks of China is quite different from the western countries's. So It's an important subject for the banks of China to ponder over the strategy of Internet banking. Therefore, based on a large amount of relevant strategic management documents, some analytical methods, such as PEST, five competitive forces and value chain, were used to carry on all-round and systematic analysis to the environment of Internet banking of our country, and then the opportunities, threats, advantages, and weaknesses owned by the internet banking of our country at present were summed up in the thesis. With the aid of strategy analyse and appraise tools, such as SWOT, Boston matrix, and industry life period, strategic goals and corresponding strategic policy of Internet
    
    
    banking of our country have been made out. At last, by the questionnaire investigation to the banks in Shanghai, the situations of strategic policy in the Internet banking of our country had been discussed, which provide a good help to
    examine closely the Internet banking for the personnels who work in the banks or do theory researches.
    Accordig to the existing documents, domestic scholars generally concentrate on tracing and theory frame study, while western scholars lay particular emphasis on the empirical research by means of case study and questionnaire investigation in respect of the research on strategic management theory of the enterprise. Using the two kinds of research approaches, the thesis carried on deep empirical analysis to the development of Internet banking on the base of analysis in theory, which embodied pioneering to some extent on the research approach. In addition, with the development of IT at a high speed, the strategic management and financial theories have received impact to some large extent. Rethinking and research on strategic management and financial theory has become a new trend in the field of academic study nowdays. Titled by "the strategy of Internet banking of our country", the thesis combined strategic management theory with financial practice, and probed the application of strategic management theory in t
    he field of finance, which had certain innovative meanings.
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