摘要
随着我国高速公路的不断发展,目前我国已形成了密布的高速公路交通网。各省高速公路业主要求进行大范围的联网收费的呼声越来越高。在省内高速公路网中已取消了主线收费站,实现联网收费,达到了节约运营成本、统一管理的较高水平。然而,对于进行联网收费的高速公路网来说,不可避免的存在有高速公路环路情况,这种环路现象造成了高速公路收费运营中的一个难题,即“路径二义性问题”。
本文针对上述的实际情况,通过研究一种基于射频识别技术,即RFID (Radio Frequency Identification),由它构建智能高速公路收费管理系统取代传统收费的管理办法。介绍了RFID技术的基本原理和运用途径,并分析了其独有的优势,结合课题的设计宗旨:实现方便,快捷,公正的高速公路智能收费系统。
本次设计是基于2.45G Hz通信频率的nRF2401读写芯片,通过该频率射频芯片与有源电子标签通信。由以W77E58单片机控制器和nRF2401通信芯片组成的分岔路口发射器和车载有源电子标签,以及收费站读卡器组成路径识别系统。通过分岔路口发射器与车载有源电子标签的通信,有源电子标签记录并保存下来车辆所经过分岔路口发射器的地址数据,最后通过收费站读卡器读取数据进行收费计算。
本文的研究主要内容为RFID系统中的读写器与电子标签的硬件设计,智能收费管理系统的应用程序设计。总而言之,本课题的研究内容及其成果在应用领域都具有一定的实际价值。
Along with the constant development of China's expressway, China has formed over the highway transportation network. Highway owners call for toll collection on line in a wider scale has been running high. toll stations on main line have been cancelled, and toll collection on line has been carried out,which has saved more operation cost, and the unified administration has reached a higher level. However, highway loop exists inevitably when to collect toll on line. This will led to another problem to the operation of highway toll collection, that is "two-path problems."
In this paper the actual situation of the above, through research based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), Construction of Highway by its intelligent management system replaced the traditional fee management aroach. On the basic principles of RFID technology and alication channels, and analyzes its unique advantages, in connection with the topic is designed to: Easy, fast, intelligent and fair Highway toll system.
The design is on 2.45 GHz frequency based on literacy chip--nRF2401, the adoption of the radio frequency chips communications with the active electronic tags. The identification system of the route is composed with the controller based on MCU-W77E58 chip, the radio chip-nRF2401, the reader of junction and automotive active electronic tags. The reader on the vehicle communicate with active electronic tags, and which the active electronic tags is used to note and save the address data from reader of the vehicle when through junctions, then reader through the toll booths to read data and charge.
The thesis are aimed at the hardware design of electronic tags and the reader, anti-collision algorithm, intelligent management system of charging, and application program in RFID reader system. In short, the content and results in the thesis is value in the application areas.
引文
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