新药研发的价值评估研究
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摘要
新药研发的价值评估问题是药物经济学研究领域的前沿问题。由于新药研发的高投入、高技术、高风险、周期长和过程复杂等原因,使新药的价值形成具有高成本和高附加值的特点。每年我国新药技术转让的交易金额近百亿,新药研发的价值评估研究具有重大的理论及现实意义。
     由于新药技术资产的非实体性、成本费用的模糊性、获利能力的不确定性等原因,使其比有形资产的研究更复杂、更困难。本研究采用定性研究与定量分析相结合的系统分析方法,运用了马克思主义经济学、西方经济学、无形资产评估和管理学等多种理论和方法,从新药是技术资产的角度对新药的价值形成、价值决定和价值评估进行了深入系统的研究。指出新药具有创新性与先进性、使用权与所有权分离、垄断性、时效性和高价值量五个经济特性;指出新药价值具有形成的渐进性、价值的波动性、价值的不确定性和价值的差异性四个特性;提出确定新药技术转让价格主要由新药研发成本、新药转让成本、新药预期收益、新药机会成本与利润五个部分构成;对现有的技术资产评估模型进行了比较分析,构建了新药价值评估的新模型,为新药技术转让定价提供了经济学依据和可资参考的解决办法。
     全文分为新药研发价值评估涉及的几个关键问题、新药研发的经济学分析、新药价值评估区间模型的构建、新药研发价值评估区间模型的运用和讨论与结论五个部分,系统地论述了本研究的主要观点和理论,为新药的价值问题研究做出了有益的探索。
Evaluation of new drug R&D is a foremost task in pharmacoeconomics. The characteristics of new drugs are of high cost and high accession, due to high-investment, advanced-technology, high-risk, long-cycle and complicated process of research and development. China's annual technology transfer amount is about one hundred million, so the studies on the value of new drug R&D are of great importance theoretically and practically.
    Due to the immateriality of the new drug, the obscurity of their cost and the uncertainty of their profit, the research on the intangible assets about new drug is more difficult, more complex than that of the tangibles. This paper makes use of both the qualitative analysis and the quantitative analysis and applies Marxism economics, western economics, the intangible asset valuation theory, management and so on to thoroughly investigate the value on the intangible assets of new drugs. The study aims to systemic analysis of the value of the new drugs, the determination of value and the estimate of value, from the point of view that the new drugs are technical intangible assets in fact. The study draws a conclusion that the new drugs have five economic characteristics: the innovation and advancement, the separation of the rights of access and property, monopolization, timely effectiveness and high value. The value of new drugs have four features: gradual form, fluctuation, uncertainty and differentiation. At sa
    me time the study points out that the price of new drug transfer is formed by five elements: the cost of new drug research, cost of new drug convey, new drug expected income, the opportunity cost and profit. After comparing with the existing models of evaluation of technological capitals, the study conceives a new model, providing economics scrip and referenced resolvent for fixing new drug transfer price.
    The study involves five parts: some key problems about the evaluation of new drug R&D, economic analysis of new drug R&D, establishment of the evaluation model on new drugs, the exercise and discuss on the new evaluation model. Consequently it systematically clarifies the main viewpoints and theories of the evaluation on new drugs, and explores the issues about the value of new drug R&D.
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