摘要
肌苷酸(Inosine monophosphate, IMP)是衡量肌肉肉质风味性状的重要指标,在体内从头合成过程十分复杂,涉及十种关键酶。本研究以四川省畜牧科学研究院和四川大恒家禽育种有限公司培育的S01和S06两个优质肉鸡品系为试验材料,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对肌苷酸合成酶系相关基因在不同品系、不同生长发育阶段和雌雄间的表达水平进行检测,同时进行不同基因在腿肌中的相对表达量与肌苷酸沉积量的相关性研究,分析结果显示:
(1)通过SYBR GreenⅡ实时荧光定量PCR研究发现,氨基咪唑核苷酸羧化酶(AIRC)、谷氨酰胺-5-磷酸核糖-1-焦磷酸转酰胺酶(GPAT)、肌苷酸环化水解酶(PurH)和甘氨酰胺核苷酸合成酶-氨基咪唑核苷酸合成酶-甘氨酰胺核苷酸转甲酰基酶(GARS-AIRS-GART)基因在大恒S01品系和S06品系的各个生长发育阶段均有表达,尽管表达规律不尽一致,但总体上各基因的相对表达量随日龄增加而增加。
(2)AIRC基因、GPAT基因、GARS-AIRS-GART基因和PurH基因在不同品系、雌雄间的相对表达量变化存在差异。70日龄S01品系鸡AIRC、GPAT、PurH和GARS-AIRS-GART基因的表达量高于S06品系且GARS-AIRS-GART基因的表达量在两个品系间差异显著(P<0.05),70日龄S01品系肌苷酸含量极显著高于S06品系(P<0.01)。
除GARS-AIRS-GART基因在母鸡中表达量极显著高于公鸡(P<0.01)外,其余基因在不同性别间表达差异不显著(P>0.05),公鸡和母鸡肌肉肌苷酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。
(3)不同基因在腿肌中表达量与肌苷酸沉积量的相关性分析结果显示:鸡AIRC、GPAT、GARS-AIRS-GART和PurH基因在腿肌中的表达量与肌苷酸含量均存在相关性,其中AIRC基因和GPAT基因70日龄在腿肌中的相对表达量与肌苷酸呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);PurH基因和GARS-AIRS-GART基因在腿肌中的相对表达量与肌苷酸含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可以推测肌苷酸从头合成酶系相关基因可能参与鸡肌肉组织中肌苷酸含量的代谢调控，为今后的肉鸡选育工作提供了理论依据。
Inosine monophosphate (IMP) is an important index for meat quality and flavor which involved in a complex de novo synthesis pathway with ten steps and ten key enzymes through the whole process. Our research adopted 2 strains, S01 and S06 offered by Sichuan Animal Science Academy and Sichuan Daheng Poultry Breeding Company, as materials and the relative qualities of four genes, GPAT, AIRC, PurH and GARS-AIRS-GART, were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) at different strains, growth points and sexes. The relativity between the relative quality of each gene and inosine monophosphate content was analyzed based on the experimental data, and the results showed as follow:
(1) Though SYBR GreenⅡreal-time PCR, AIRC, GPAT, PurH and GARS-AIRS-GART gene were all detected at each growth point in both S01 and S06 strain. On the whole, despite of the different expression characteristic, the relative qualities of the four genes were increased with the day age.
(2) The relative qualities of AIRC, GPAT, PurH and GARS-AIRS-GART gene were different between different strains and sexes. At 70 day, the relative qualities of the four genes in S01 were higher than that in S06 and the expression quality of GARS-AIRS-GART gene differed significantly between the two strains(P<0.05). The IMP content in S01 strain was significantly higher than that in S06 strain(P<0.01)at 70 day.
The relative qualities of AIRC, GPAT and PurH gene had no significant difference between the male and female ones(P>0.05) while the relative quality of GARS-AIRS-GART gene differed great significantly(P<0.01). No significantly difference of the IMP content existed between the male and the female.
(3) Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the relative qualities of AIRC, GPAT, PurH and GARS-AIRS-GART gene were all correlated to the IMP content. The relative qualities of the AIRC gene and GPAT gene were great significantly positive correlated with the IMP content at 70 day(P<0.01), while the relative qualities of the PurH gene and GARS-AIRS-GART gene were significantly positive correlated with the IMP content(P<0.05).
All the results above can infer that the genes isolated in the De novo synthesis of inosine monophosphate may participate in the metabolism control of IMP in muscle tissue of chicken, which provide the theory basis for further breeding work of broiler.
引文
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