希蒙德木扦插繁殖技术及种子活力的研究
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摘要
本文研究内容主要包括两个方面:一是希蒙德木的扦插繁殖;二是PEG渗透调节和人工老化对种子活力的影响。
     从不同外源激素、扦插基质、采穗时间、母树年龄、部位、穗条规格和单株间对希蒙德木当年生半木质化枝条生根情况进行了研究。结果表明:外源激素对生根有很大影响,综合生根率和生根其他性状指标,IBA2000ppm速浸效果最好,生根率达到44.4%;扦插基质以珍珠岩与蛭石1:1的混合最好;扦插时期以5月中旬最佳;母树年龄对生根影响很大,采自两年生母树上的穗条生根率达到75.6%;部位、穗条规格对生根影响不大。不同单株间扦插生根差异显著,S6生根率最高,达68.9%,其次是S4,48.9%,S5生根率最低,只有4.5%。S6是较佳的采穗母株。相关分析表明各生根性状间相关关系明显,各生根性状关系密切。主成分分析表明S1、S6是最佳采穗母株。
     PEG渗透调节后,种子活力指数、发芽势、发芽指数、SOD活性、CAT活性均有不同程度的提高,相对电导率和MDA含量呈下降趋势。但随着处理浓度和时间的延长,SOD活性、CAT活性下降而相对电导率和MDA含量上升。
     种子经人工老化处理(40℃,100%RH)后,浸出液相对电导率和MDA含量增加,而其发芽率、发芽势、活力指数显著下降,SOD、CAT活性下降。说明希蒙德木种子不耐贮藏。
     本试验为扦插繁殖和种子贮藏提供了一定的理论依据。
There are two aspects in the present dissertation.one is the cutting propagation of Simmondsia,the other is the effect of PEG and artificial aging on seed vigor.
    Factors such as exogensis hormones,cutting medium,cutting time ,mother plant age,cutting type and different singles which affect rooting were analyzed and discussed.The results are showed as follows: there is significant variation in the rooting percentage among different cuttings treated with different plant growth regulator. Cuttings treated with IBA2000ppm has the highest rooting percentage;The best cutting medium is the mixture of vermiculite vs perlite(1:1) and the middle-time of May is the best cutting time.Mother plant age has a great effect on cutting rooting percentage.Cuttings from two-year-old mother tree has the highest rooting percentage which is 68.9%.But cutting length has no significant variation in rooting index.Different singles has great effect on rooting index.S6 has a rooting percentage of 68.9%,then S4,48.9%,while S5 has the lowest rooting percentage,4.5%.Rooting index has great significant correlationship. Principal component analysis shows that S1,S6 are the best mother trees which can afford high quality cuttings.
    Treated with PEG,seed vigor index,germination potential,germination index,SOD activity,CAT activity increase at different levels,relative electrical conductivity and MDA content decrease accordingly.But with the time and concentration being longened, SOD activity and CAT activity decrease while relative electrical conductivity and MDA content increase.
    Relative electrical conductivity and MDA content increase with aging time under artificial aging (40 C,100%RH) conditions,while germination rate,germination potential,vigor index decrease significantly. SOD,CAT activity also decrease .All these show that Simmondsis seeds can not storage easily.
    The results provide the therotical base for cuttage rooting and seed storage.
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