摘要
摘要：地震是破坏力巨大的自然灾害,近年来发生的强烈地震造成了巨大的生命和财产损失,这让人们对结构的抗震性能产生了浓厚的兴趣,结构抗震性能评估成为地震工程学中的重要研究领域。近年来发生的地震显示,靠近地震断层的地震动破坏性大,并且具有不同于普通地震动的独特性质,近断层地震动作用下的结构抗震性能评估就成为了地震工程学中的一个重要关注。
本文利用基于概率的抗震性能评估体系来研究近断层地震动作用下的结构抗震性能评估。从近断层地震动的强度参数、近断层地区地震危险性分析、近断层地震动作用下的增量动力分析以及近断层地震动作用下的结构概率地震危险性等方面进行了研究。文章主要内容如下：
(1)以弹性加速度响应谱值为近断层地震动的强度参数建立地震动的衰减关系模型。首先确定弹性加速度响应谱值的预测变量和衰减关系模型的基本形式；然后通过逐步回归和多元线性回归相结合的方法求得衰减关系模型；通过回归分析得到弹性加速度响应谱值对数标准差的预测模型。弹性加速度响应谱衰减关系模型是建立近断层地震动的非弹性位移响应谱值预测模型的基础。
(2)近断层地震动强度参数研究。从响应预测角度研究非弹性位移响应谱值作为脉冲型近断层地震动强度参数的有效性,并研究非线性振子的参数设置对响应预测效果的影响；从基于概率的结构抗震性能评估角度分析非弹性位移响应谱值作为脉冲型近断层地震动强度参数的适用性。
(3)以非弹性位移响应谱值作为近断层地震动强度参数评估场地地震危险性。考察脉冲周期比、强度折减系数等因素对非弹性位移响应谱值的影响；考察已有非弹性位移响应谱衰减关系模型的选用；结合本研究的弹性加速度响应谱衰减模型提出近断层地震动非弹性位移响应谱值的衰减模型,提出近断层地区场地地震危险性评价方法。
(4)以非弹性位移响应谱值作为近断层地震动的强度参数进行结构增量动力分析,比较脉冲型近断层地震动和普通近断层地震动的增量动力分析结果,探讨以非弹性位移响应谱值作为近断层地震动强度参数进行增量动力分析的应用。
(5)提出以非弹性位移响应谱值作为近断层地震动强度参数评估结构抗震性能的具体步骤。通过算例展示非弹性位移响应谱值在基于概率的结构抗震性能评估中的应用。
Earthquake is a devastating natural disaster. The recent strong earthquakes resulted in great personal casualty and financial loss, so the evaluation of structural seismic performance begins to attract people's attention and becomes an important field of earthquake engineering. The recent earthquakes also shows that the the earthquake ground motion near fault is more devastating than ordinary earthquake ground motion and distinctly different from ordinary earthquake. Therefore, the seismic performance evluation of structures under near-fault ground motion becomes attention-getting in earthquake engineering.
Based on the theory of probability-based seismic performance evaluation, Autor studied the seismic performance evluation of structures under near-fault ground motion. The selection of intensity measure of near-fault ground motion, probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of near-fault ground motion, the incremental dynamic analysis of structures subjected to near-fault ground motion and probabilistic seismic demand analysis of structues under near-fault ground motion were mainly discussed in this paper. The main points were as follows:
(1) The elastic response spectral acceleration was regarded as the intensity measure of near-fault ground motion and the attenuation model of response spectral acceleration was studied. The prediction variable and the form of attenuation model were determined firstly, and the attenuation model was established by using stepwise regression and multiple linear regression method. The prediction model of standard deviation was also established by using linear regression. The attenuation model of elastic response spectral acceleration is the base of the attenuation model of inelastic response spectral displacement.
(2) The efficency of inelastic response spectral displacement used as the intensity measure of pulse-type near-fault ground motion to predict seismic response of structure was studied, and the parameter determination of nonlinear oscillator were also studied. The applicability of inelastic response spectral displacement used as the intensity measure of near-fault ground motion in terms of probability-based seismic performance evaluation was studied.
(3) The seismic hazard of site was studied by using inelastic response spectral displacement as the intensity measure of ground motion. The influences of pulse period and strength reduction factor on inelastic response spectral displacement were observed. And the attenuation model of inelastic response spectral displacement was studied. By using the attenuation model of elastic response spectral acceleration proposed by author, the attenuation model of inelastic response spectral displacement of near-fault ground motion was proposed and the method of seismic hazard analysis of near-fault site was also proposed.
(4) The incremental dynamic analysis was performed by using inelastic response spectral displacement as the intensity measure of near-fault ground motion. The results of increatmental dynamic analysis of pulse-type near-fault ground motion and ordinary near-fault ground motion were compared, and the incremental dynamic analysis by using inelastic response spectral displacement was studied.
(5) The process of evaluating seismic performance of structures under near-fault ground motion by using inelastic response spectral displacement was proposed, and several examples were performed.
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