摘要
随着21世纪中国经济的快速发展,全国各地都在大量兴建购物中心等商业房地产,同时国外的商业巨头也纷纷进驻国内,使商业竞争变得异常激烈。许多开发商往往只看到商业房地产建成后带来的丰厚利润,但从根本上忽视了一个关键的环节,即商业项目的选址论证工作。其片面地以为只要拿到一块地,筑巢引凤,招来大商家,然后就可以赚得钵满盆满,却忘了其投资巨大、风险极高、专业性极强的特点,结果开发商为此付出了极大的代价。
目前,国内在进行商业房地产选址分析时大多是利用经验将各种影响因素进行比较,确定商业房地产选址;或者把实际非常复杂的商业房地产选址问题用己有的(或提出新的)抽象和简化的数学模型来求解,确定商业房地产,这些方法都不能科学的选址。近年来,随着GIS技术的发展,特别是GIS融合了空间分析和建模等特点,为解决传统选址方法所面临的难题提供了新思路和技术支持。本文研究的方法:通过把握商业房地产选址的商圈理论和商业房地产自身的特点和规律,利用GIS空间分析功能进行分析选址。本文在选址分析过程中,充分利用GIS的缓冲区分析、叠置分析、网络分析等空间分析方法对人口空间分布、交通可达性、竞争者分布和辅助设施分布等对选址有影响的空间因素和信息进行综合分析,选出符合商家基本要求的待选地址,最后通过构造的模糊多维权重贴近度模型选择出的最终位置。这种基于GIS的定性和定量相结合的选址方法,可以科学、合理的对商业房地产进行选址。
With China's rapid economic development in the 21st century, all parts of the country are building construction of Shopping Mall and other large commercial real estate, at the same time the foreign business giants have also entered the country so that the business competition has become extremely fierce. Many developers are often only see the huge profits of commercial real estate, But they basically ignored a crucial aspect that is feasibility study of the location of the commercial project. They unilaterally think that as long as get a piece of land, build the commercial real estate and attract the big client, they can earn more money. But they forget their huge investment, high risk, highly specialized features,the developers have to pay a great price.
At present, analysis method of the domestic commercial real estate site most is to use experience which is to compare the various factors to determine commercial real estate site; or analysis method is to use abstract and simplified mathematical model to solve the problems of the very complex commercial real estate site. These methods are not scientific methods. In recent years, with the development of GIS technology, in particular the integration of characteristics of GIS spatial analysis and modeling, GIS provides a new idea and technical support to solve the difficulties of commercial real estate site faced by the traditional method. The method of this paper is to use GIS spatial analysis functions to analyze the site by grasping the selection theory of the commercial real estate site and the characteristics and rules of commercial real estate itself. in the location of the course, this paper take full advantage of GIS spatial analysis such as buffer zone analysis, overlay analysis, network analysis to comprehensively analyze Space factors which have impacts on the location (population, transport, competitors and ancillary facilities and so on.) . At last, this paper uses Close-degree Model of Multi-dimensional Weight to select the final site from the addresses. This combined with qualitative and quantitative location method base on GIS is a scientific and rational location method of commercial real estate site.
引文
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