基于战略竞争力的商业银行文化管理模式研究
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摘要
经济、金融和文化相互交织、融为一体,极大地影响着世界经济社会的发展,文化经济已经成为当今时代的显著特征。
     尽管文化管理及其模式研究与实践由来已久,但所有这些研究与实践绝大多数都是仅就文化管理或者管理模式本身而言,至今尚没有很好地将经济、金融和文化以及战略管理融为一体,并从提升战略竞争力的视角深入探究商业银行文化管理的新模式。2008年爆发的国际金融危机,充分暴露了狭隘的个人主义价值观、新自由主义、诚信文化缺失、透支消费文化以及崇尚激进、冒险、贪婪的华尔街金融文化的严重弊端;危机还告诉我们,必须更加重视金融文化的优势地位和作用,切实加强商业银行文化管理,探索基于战略竞争力的商业银行文化管理模式,这也是提升商业银行战略竞争力的现实需要。
     本研究在解读商业银行战略管理、文化管理理论以及阐释商业银行企业文化、战略与竞争力特殊性的基础上,深入探研了商业银行战略竞争力的内涵、维度构成及本质特征,提出了商业银行战略竞争力是由制度、技术、管理和文化维度构成,文化、制度是技术、管理维度的原动力,文化的创新引领着制度、技术、管理的创新。由此构建了商业银行战略竞争力模型和基于战略竞争力的商业银行文化管理模型。理论分析与模型构建的结合,揭示了商业银行企业文化、文化管理、银行战略、战略竞争力以及战略绩效的内在联系及其相互影响的机制,即:商业银行企业文化与银行战略的有效匹配,共同作用于商业银行战略竞争力的影响机制,这是商业银行战略竞争力形成和提升的根源;加强商业银行文化管理,建立优秀企业文化,有效提升战略绩效的影响机制;加强商业银行文化管理,强化战略性人力资源管理,推动卓越的银行战略制定、实施和控制,持续提升战略绩效的影响机制。
     基于此,本研究提出了以文化、人、战略“三位一体”的CHS管理模式,解析了这种管理模式的特征、根本目标和实践意义,并采用结构方程模型(SEM)分析方法,通过对北京、福建、甘肃、广东、广西、河北、江苏、青岛、青海、山西、陕西、上海、四川、天津、西藏、浙江、重庆等17个省市的国有商业银行、股份制商业银行、城市商业银行、邮政储蓄银行和农村商业银行调查问卷及其所获取数据的分析,进一步验证了CHS管理模式的可行性和绩效性。
Economics, finance and culture that are interwoven and integrated together have a great influence on the development of world economics. Cultural economics is a remarkable feather of today's world.
     Although the culture management and its model research and practice have a long history, all of this research and practice only focused on cultural management or management mode itself most of the time. To this day, the economics, finance, culture and strategic management have not been integrated together well and did not explore the new mode of commercial bank culture management to enhance the strategic competitiveness. The2008international financial crisis fully exposed the narrow individualism values, neoliberalism, and the absence of honesty culture and consumer culture overdraft. And it also fully exposed serious drawbacks of advocating radical, risky and greedy Wall Street culture. The crisis has also shown that we must pay more attention to financial culture's advantage status and role, effectively strengthen the culture management of commercial bank and explore the mode of commercial bank culture management based on the strategic competitiveness. This is also the practical demand of promoting strategic competitiveness of commercial bank.
     The research explored the connotation, dimensions and essential feature of strategic competitiveness of commercial bank, based on the interpretation of strategic management, cultural management theory, enterprise culture and strategy and competitiveness peculiar of commercial bank. It proposed that strategic competitiveness of commercial bank is composed of system, technology, management and cultural dimensions. The culture and system is the driving force of technical and management dimensions. Cultural innovation led to the innovation of system, technology and management. From this it built the model of strategic competitiveness of commercial bank and the model of cultural management of commercial bank based on the strategic competitiveness. The combination of theoretical analysis and model builds exposed the internal connection and interactional mechanism of enterprise culture, cultural management, bank strategy, strategic competitiveness and strategic performance of commercial bank. That is, the valid match of enterprise culture of commercial bank and bank strategy worked together on the impact mechanism of strategic competitiveness of commercial bank. It is the root of forming and promoting the strategic competitiveness of commercial bank. Strengthen the cultural management of commercial bank, build excellent enterprise culture and promote the impact mechanism of strategic performance effectively. Strengthen strategic human resource management, push the formulation, implement and control of excellent bank strategy and continue promoting the impact mechanism of strategic performance.
     Based on that, the research proposed the management mode of the trinity of culture, human and strategy called CHS management mode and resolved the features, fundamental goals and practical implication of this mode. It has used structural equation model and data analysis through the state-owned commercial banks, stock commercial banks, city commercial banks, postal saving banks and rural commercial banks of Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Jiangsu, Qingdao, Qinghai, Shanxi, Shanxi, Shanghai,Sichuan, Tianjin, Zhejiang and ChongqingTibet about17provinces and cities questionnaires which could further verify the feasibility and performance of CHS management mode.
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