摘要
随着电力系统自动化和网络技术的发展，用户对电能质量的要求越来越高，传统的电力系统自动化装置已不能满足高质量的电能供应需求。为使电力系统更加稳定、可靠地运行，研究基于实时网络、以嵌入式微控制器为核心的自动化装置具有重要的理论和现实意义。
本文在汲取近10个变电站、水电站综合自动化工程中使用过的国内外诸多类型的电力系统自动化装置经验的基础上，针对电力系统的需求和电力系统自动化技术发展的趋势，设计了一种通用的、基于实时网络的智能化电力系统自动化装置。该装置在设计时充分利用当今快速发展的网络和DSP技术，辅以嵌入式微控制器、CPLD技术，实现了硬件功能的模块化、智能化及通用性设计。
本文首先介绍了国内外电力系统自动化装置的研究和发展现状，阐述了微控制器的选型依据，分析了CAN总线和工业以太网的实时性，确定了采用CAN总线和工业以太网相结合的网络方案。然后重点研究了自动化装置的硬件模块化设计。选用TI公司的32位定点DSPTMS320F2812作为装置的主控制芯片，在此DSP平台上，论述了电源模块、模拟量采集模块、开关量输入模块、开关量输出模块、通信模块以及人机接口等模块的设计。基于通用性考虑，根据户内、户外、普通装置以及永磁机构的不同，对电源模块和开关量输出模块进行了详细的论述，使之具有很强的通用性。为了提高通信模块的通用性、可靠性及兼容性，扩展了专门的网络微控制器，方便地实现了通信接口的设计。随后论述了系统软件总体设计思想，给出了部分模块的软件流程图，详细论述了通信模块的软件设计。最后针对基本傅式算法的缺陷，阐述了三种改进的傅式算法，并对其中一种较合理的改进算法的软件实现进行了研究和探讨，仿真结果验证了算法的合理性。本文设计的通用装置的结构模式对今后电力系统自动化装置的研究具有很大的参考价值。
Along with the power system automation and the networktechnology development, the users' power energy quality requestbecomes higher and higher, the traditional power system automationdevice can't satisfy the high grade power energy supply. In order to makethe power system running in stabler, more reliable status, the research onautomation installment based on real-time network and microcontrollerhas important theory and practical significance.
Based on deriving experience from using several types of domesticand foreign power system automation device in nearly 10 substations,hydroelectric power station automation project, and in view of thedemand of power system and development trend of power systemautomation technology, an intellectualized power system automationdevice based on general purpose and real-time network is studied. Usingreal-time network, DSP, MCU and CPLD technology, this design realizedmodularization, intellectualization and versatility.
In this paper, the power system automation installment research anddevelopment at home and abroad is analyzed firstly. Then the micro-controller shaping basis is elaborated, and the real-time characteristic ofCAN bus and industry Ethernet is analyzed, after that the CAN andindustry Ethernet combined design is given out. Then the hardwaredesign of the device is analyzed in detail. TMS320F2812 which is a32-bit DSP belongs to TI corporation is selected as main controller.Based on this controller, the design of analog signal acquisition module,switch signal acquisition module, communication module and man-machine interface module are given out in detail. According to indoors,outdoors, ordinary installment as well as the permanent magnetic actuatordifference, the power module and the switch output module areelaborated in detail, so these two modules are suitable for many types ofautomation device. In order to enhance the versatility, reliability andcompatibility of communication module, a network microcontroller isused to expand communication interface. After that, in this paper, thesoftware is put forward in whole. And part of software design isdiscussed in detail, such as communication module software design. Finally, three modified Fourier arithmetic is put forward to make up thebug of basic Fourier arithmetic. And the realization of the best arithmeticamong the three is introduced. The rationality of algorithm is confirmedby simulation. This general purpose device structure designed in thispaper has great reference value to the future research on power systemautomation device.
引文
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