摘要
中国近代西方经济学是舶来的产物,这种思想的引进与社会动荡不安有关。有识之士试图从西方寻找途径解决中国的种种问题,西方经济学就是在这种契机下传入中国。传教士和旅欧人士对西方经济学的点滴介绍,使国人最初接触了一些肤浅的西方经济学知识,但很多经济学术语基本上是生搬硬套、晦涩难懂。1902年严复出版《原富》,把经济学理论系统化介绍到国内,西方经济学成为一门独立的学术体系,是西方经济学引进的一个里程碑。20世纪20年代以后,留学归国的经济学家不断增多,他们大都是“科班”出身,充斥了高校的讲坛,各种学术社团的成立,都促进了西方经济学在中国的传播。
本文试着从西方经济学的传播途径、从民间组织看西方经济学的传播、经济学的传播内容以及西方经济学的本土化等多个方面入手,阐述20世纪30年代的主流经济学是西方经济学,其辉煌的成果值得后人的肯定。
本文主要包括以下几个部分:
前言主要对西方经济学在中国的传播作了简要的回顾,由此提出本人的选题目的和意义。
第一章介绍了早期西方经济学的发展。这一章分为两个小节,第一节主要介绍了“经济”这个名词的概念,并且通过表格的形式列举了不同的经济学译名;第二节简单描述西方经济学早期在中国的发展概况以及西方经济学译著。这一章主要是对经济学知识及其早期发展有一个概念性质的把握。
第二章探讨西方经济学的传播途径,主要包括留学生、出版媒介、学校的教育这几个方面。这一章分为三个小节,第一节分别对日本、美国、欧洲各国的留学生团体的人数、学习经济学及相关学科的比例、留学地形成的原因进行对比阐述,并对留学生群体的成果进行比较;第二节以表格的形式归纳了20世纪30年代中国经济学著作,并进行概要分析;第三节从学校这个主体出发,论证学校学科体制的改革对经济学发展的促进,以及经济学家对教育的指引性作用。研究传播途径对于说明经济学的发展十分必要,因此这个章节在本文框架中很重要。
第三章以经济学社团和经济学研究所为对象,通过他们的学术活动和研究成果,展现经济学传播的繁荣。本章分为两个小节,分别对中国经济学社和南开经济学研究所这两个民国时期有代表性质的学术团体进行论述。这两个学术组织均是民间组织,不涉及政府行为,更能有效的从一个侧面来看西方经济学的传播。民国著名的四大经济学家马寅初、刘大钧领导中国经济学社,何廉、方显廷组建南开经济学研究所,由此可见研究这两个组织的必要。
第四章是本文的核心章节,讲述西方经济学传播的内容。这一章分为三个小节,前两节以20世纪30年代为分割界限分别介绍这两个时期的传播内容,涉及各种西方经济学学说在中国的传播情况,从而说明西方经济学各流派对中国的影响。第三节,西方经济学思想本土化,西方经济学本是一门经世致用的学科,理论的引进终究要和中国的实际情况相结合。关于中国经济发展道路的讨论和统治经济就是经济学说与现实结合的最好例证。应运经济学在这一时期也有长足的发展,在财政学、货币学等方面体现出来。
结语通过前面四章的分析、研究,描述西方经济学在20世纪30年代这个时期传播的概貌,印证在这一时期的主流经济学是西方经济学。
The Chinese modern times West economics is a product which the ship comes, this thought introduction and the society unstable concern.The man of insight attempts from the West to seek the way to solve China's all sorts of problems, the Western economic is enters China in this kind of turning point download.
The missionary and the travel Europe public figure introduced to the Western economic intravenous drip that, caused the people at first to contact some superficial western economic knowledge, but the very many economic terminology basically was copies mechanically and applies slavishly obscurely, difficult to understand.In 1902 Yan Fu published "Yuan Fu", introduced the economic theory systematization domestic, the Western economic became the independent academic system, was a Western economic introduction milestone.After 20th century 20's, the abroad study repatriates the economist increases unceasingly, they are mostly“the regular professional training”the family background, has flooded university's rostrum, each kind of academic mass organization's establishment, all promoted the Western economic in China's dissemination.
This article is trying from the Western economic dissemination way, the economic development, the economic dissemination content as well as the Western economic localization and so on many aspects obtains, elaborated the 20th century 30's mainstream economics are the Western economics, its magnificent achievement is worth posterity's affirmation.
This article mainly includes following several parts:
The foreword mainly has made the brief review to the Western economic in China's dissemination, from this proposes myself selected topic goal and the significance. First chapter introduced the early West economic development.This chapter divides into two sections, first mainly introduced“the economy”this noun concept, and has enumerated the different economic translated name through the form form; Second section describes the Western economical early time simply in China's development survey as well as the Western economic translation.This chapter mainly has a concept nature elaboration to the economic knowledge and the early development.
Second chapter discusses the Western economic the dissemination way, mainly includes the foreign student, the publication medium, school education these aspects.This chapter divides into three sections, first separately the reason which to Japanese, American, the European various countries foreign student association's population, the study economic and the correlation discipline proportion, the abroad study forms carries on the contrast elaboration, and carries on the comparison to the foreign student community's achievement; Second section has induced the 20th century 30's China economic work by the form form, and carries on the outline analysis; Third section embarks from school this main body, proves the school discipline system the reform to the economic development promotion, as well as economist to education direction function.The research dissemination way is extremely essential regarding the showing economic development, therefore this chapter is very important in this article frame.
Third chapter take the economic mass organization and the economic research institute as the object, through theirs recreational activities and research results, development economic dissemination prosperity.This chapter divides into two sections, separately has representative to the Chinese economic society with the Nankai Economic Research institute these two Republic of China time the nature learned society to carry on the elaboration.These two academic bodies are the folk organizations, does not involve the government behavior, can effective look at the Western economic from a side the dissemination.Republic of China renowned four big economist Ma Yinchu, Liu Dajun leads the Chinese economic society, He Lian, Fang Xianting sets up Nankai Economic Research institute, thus it can be seen studies these two organizations the necessity.
Fourth chapter is this article core chapter, narrates the Western economic dissemination content.This chapter divides into four sections, first two take the 20th century 30's as the division boundary introduced separately these two times the dissemination content, involves each kind of Western economic theory in China's dissemination situation, thus explains the Western economic various schools to China the influence.Third section, the Western economic thought localization, the Western economic originally is one governs the discipline of very practical use, the theory introduction must unify eventually with China's actual situation.About the Chinese economy development path discussion and the dominant economy are the economical theory and the reality union best illustration.Should transport the economic also to have the considerable development in this time, in aspects and so on finance, currency study manifests.
The conclusion through the front four chapter of analyses, the research, describes the Western Economics in the 20th century 30's this time dissemination general picture, verifies in this time mainstream economic is the Western Economics.
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