摘要
工业生产中,烟气温度是锅炉运行和检测所需的一个重要信息。为了维护锅炉运行的安全和稳定,必须对锅炉的燃烧过程进行自动控制。通过对烟气温度场的准确测量,及时掌握锅炉内的燃烧状态,为燃烧优化运行提供保证。农业生产中,粮仓中的温度变化特性是粮食霉变、虫害的发生以及湿度异常的直接表现,仓粮温度是储粮状态的重要标志。仓粮温度的在线、准确、全面检测是粮情分析与决策最重要的依据,直接关系到储粮损耗、储藏期限的长短、成品粮的质量、以及贸易盈亏。采用声学法温度场检测,具有非接触,测量对象空间范围大,实时测量,维护方便等优点,为各种温度场检测提供了一种有效手段。
本文概述了温度场测温方法,阐述了声学温度场检测技术的基本理论、发展现状。本文重点研究了二维圆形区域声学法温度场重建问题,介绍了基于最小二乘法的温度场重建算法和基于指数SVD法的温度场重建算法。研究了声发射器／接收器数目、温度场区域划分方式以及温度场复杂程度对温度场重建精度的影响。提出了二维圆形检测区域矩形网格划分和环形分块划分两种划分方式,采用指数SVD法重建温度场。与最小二乘法相比,此方法更适合于二维圆形温度场的重建。
本文应用工程数学软件MATLAB制作软件包,对重建算法进行大量仿真研究。对于工业炉在安装8个或16个声发射器／接收器时,采用矩形网格法和环形分块法两种划分方式,对单峰对称、单峰偏置、双峰对称和双峰偏置四种高温工业炉温度场模型分别进行指数SVD法温度场重建仿真研究。对于粮仓在安装16个声波收发器时,采用环形大量分块的划分方式,应用指数SVD法重建了对称单峰、偏单峰、对称双峰、三峰、四峰、等高四峰、高低四偏峰和五峰八种低温粮仓温度场模型。误差分析表明本文所研究方法能够以较高的精度重建二维圆形温度场。具有重建速度快,重建精度高,抗干扰能力较强等优势,对工业炉和粮仓均有良好的适用性。
In industrial production, gas temperature is one of the most important information required in furnace operating. In order to maintain furnace running safely, the furnace combustion process must be automatically controlled. By measuring the furnace temperature fields, the combustion process can be controlled in time, which ensures that the combustion presses is in optimization mode. In agricultural production, the characteristics of the granary temperature change are food mildew, the incidence of pests and the direct performance of humidity anomalies, the warehouse grain temperature is an important symbol for grain storage. Grain storage temperature's real-time online, accuracy and comprehensive situation analysis is the most important basis for food detection and decision-making, which directly relates to grain storage losses, storage duration, grain quality of finished product, as well as trade profit and loss. The application of Acoustic temperature measurement technology has many advantages such as non-contact, large space of measuring object, high-precision, real-time, continuous measurement, easy maintenance and so on. For a variety of temperature measurement, it provides an effective means.
In this paper, the measurement methods of temperature field are outlined, and the basic principle of acoustic measurement technique and its development status are expatiated. This paper focuses on the acoustic method for two-dimensional circular region of Temperature Field Reconstruction Algorithm, introduced the temperature field reconstruction algorithm based on the least-squares method and temperature field reconstruction algorithm based on exponential SVD method. Studied the number of acoustic transmitters/receivers, temperature zoning patterns and the complexity of the temperature field impact on the accuracy of the temperature field reconstruction. Proposed two kinds of division methods for two-dimensional circular detection area, one is divded it into rectangular mesh and the other is divided it into ring block, using index of SVD reconstruction of temperature field. Compared with the least squares method, this method is more suitable for a circular two-dimensional temperature field reconstruction.
In this paper, the application of engineering mathematics software MATLAB software package, researched on a large number of simulation algorithms of the reconstruction. For the industrial furnace installed 8 or 16 acoustic transmitters/receivers, used two kinds of division method:rectangular grid and ring-block, approached to the single peak symmetry, a single peak bias, double-peak symmetry and double-side set of four high-temperature industrial furnace temperature field model, applied index of SVD method individually on Temperature Field Reconstruction simulation. For the granary installed 16 acoustic transceiver, applied a large number of sub-block division ring mode, with application of SVD reconstructing eight kinds of low temperature field model of grain silos, they are:the single peak symmetry, partial single peak, symmetrical peaks, three peaks, four peaks, four high peaks, high and low four partial peaks and five peaks. Error analysis shows that this method can be studied with high accuracy reconstruction of a circular two-dimensional temperature field. With the fast pace of reconstruction, rebuilding of high precision, strong anti-jamming capability advantages, such as industrial furnaces and granaries have good applicability.
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