摘要
直线伺服电机作为一种崭新的进给方式呈现出极大的生命力。随着永磁材料的快速发展,永磁直线伺服电机的应用领域日益拓宽,其中永磁同步直线伺服电机由于具有高效节能,结构灵活等优势而在现代运动控制系统中占据主导地位。多相永磁同步直线伺服电机是对永磁同步直线伺服电机的进一步发展。我所研究的多相永磁同步直线伺服电机采用六相不对称联接方式,其初级绕组由相互位移30°电角度的2套三相对称星形绕组组成,它不同于多相绕组均布的永磁直线伺服电机,可以有效消除气隙磁动势中的5次和7次谐波。
与普通三相电机相比,多相电机主要有两个方面优势:一是可以显著降低电机谐波损耗,减小电机转矩脉动,提高系统效率及稳定性;二是可以用低压器件实现大功率。因此,它的开发和应用受到国内外的关注。
本文以TI公司推出的电机专用微处理器TMS320LF2407A DSP为控制核心,研究了基于DSP的六相永磁直线同步伺服系统的设计与控制。首先介绍了直线电机的应用与发展趋势,直线电机的工作原理、特点,控制策略及本文要研究的内容;其次,通过对永磁同步电机控制策略的一般分析选定本系统的控制策略,并介绍了永磁直线同步电机的工作原理、多相系统的特点,并以双Y移30°六相永磁同步电机为例进行了矢量控制和坐标变换的研究;然后,介绍了DSP的发展历史、特点及应用范围,说明了DSP与其它单片机或通用微处理器相比在性能上的优势;最后,对系统硬件电路中用到的相关硬件进行了系统的学习与分析,详细地论述了基于DSP的六相永磁直线同步伺服系统的硬件设计以及主要软件的流程图和实现方法,为多相直线同步电机在伺服控制系统中的应用提供一定的理论依据。
The linear serve motor which works as a new feeding mode has shows its tremendous power. With the rapid development of the permanent magnet material, the permanent magnet linear sever motor is widely used in many territories, and the permanent magnet linear sever motor has dominated the main position as a result of the feature of its high efficiency of power and structure flexibility. Multi-phased permanent magnet synchronous linear sever motor is the development of the permanent magnet synchronous linear sever motor. What I have researched is permanent magnet synchronous linear sever motor which is applied with the method of the YY-coil 30°six-phase technology. The stator winding is designed with the distance of 30°electricity angles and two series YY-coil 30°six-phase systems which is not the same with the normal ones. And the advantages are that it can eliminate the fifth harmonic and the seventh harmonic in the gap MMF.
To be compared with the common three-phase motor, the mutual-phase motor has two aspect advantages mainly: one is that it can lower the motor exhausts, reduce the motor pulsation and improve the system efficiency and stabilities; two is that it can carry out the great power with the low-pressure part. Therefore, its development and application are paid attention to at our country and at abroad.
This text uses the TI Company's motor appropriation microprocessor TMS320LF2407A DSP (digital signal processor) for the control core, and studies the design and the control of the six-phase permanent magnet linear synchronous servo system which is based on DSP. At first, it introduces the application and the development trend of the linear motor and the working principles, the characteristics of the linear motor, the control strategy and the contents this text wants to study. Secondly, with taking the general analysis to the permanent magnet synchronous motor's control strategy, the text has chosen the control strategy of this system, and introduced permanent magnet linear synchronous motor 's working principles and the characteristics of the mutual-phase system, and has researched the vector control and coordinate transformation taking the YY-coil 30°six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor for example; Then it introduces the DSP's development history, characteristics and application, and explains the advantages on the function which are taken with comparing the DSP with other single slice machine or general microprocessor. At last, it carries on the study and analysis of the system to the related hardware in hardware electric circuit first, and discusses the hardware design and the main software of flow chart and algorithms of the six-phase permanent magnet linear synchronous servo system which is based on DSP in detail, which provides certain theories for the mutual-phase linear motor applied in the servo control system.
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