交通限行对大气颗粒物及PM_(2.5)中二■英的影响
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摘要
为了研究北京大气颗粒物和二■英(PCDD/Fs)的污染状况以及评估交通限行对大气颗粒物和PCDD/Fs的影响。利用同位素稀释高分辨率气相色谱/高分辨率质谱(HRGC/HRMS)联用法和USEPA 1613B标准方法,以中国地质大学(北京)东门为采样点,采集大气PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、TSP样品,对北京市交通限行期间以及交通限行前后等不同交通状况下颗粒物浓度及大气PM_(2.5)中17种2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs污染特征进行了监测。结果表明,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、TSP的日均质量浓度在交通限行前分别为126、202、304μg/m~3,限行期间分别为39、78、93μg/m~3,限行结束后分别为79、126μg/m~3。PM_(2.5)中17种PCDD/Fs的质量浓度(毒性浓度) 3个时段分别为1 804 fg/m~3(70 fg I-TEQ/m~3)、252 fg/m~3(9 fg I-TEQ/m~3)和1 196 fg/m~3(48 fg I-TEQ/m~3)。北京市交通限行期间颗粒物浓度和二■英浓度显著低于交通限行前后,交通源减排措施的实施是大气颗粒物和二■英污染水平降低的主要原因,从减排效果看,交通源减排措施对大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))的控制效果明显好于大气粗颗粒物。
To assess the impact of traffic restriction on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans( PCDD/Fs) in atmospheric PM_(2.5) of Beijing,atmospheric particles( PM_(2.5),PM_(10),TSP) before and during traffic restriction and( PM_(2.5),PM_(10)) after traffic restriction in Beijing were collected concurrently with middle-volume active sampler at the east gate of China University of Geosciences( CUGB) to investigate ambient particuiates concentrations changing trend and the influence of traffic restriction on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans( PCDD/Fs). Instrumental analysis was performed by high-resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry( HRGC/HRMS) and US EPA 1613 B method. The results showed that the daily mean values of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),TSP were 126,202,304 μg/m~3 before restriction,39,78,93 μg/m~3 during restriction,and 79,126 μg/m~3 after restriction,respectively. The average concentrations( TEQ) of PCDD/Fs were 1 804 fg/m~3( 70 fg I-TEQ/m~3) before restriction,252 fg/m~3( 9 fg I-TEQ/m~3) during restriction and 1 196 fg/m~3( 48 fg I-TEQ/m~3) after restriction,respectively. The levels of air particles and PCDD/Fs were evidently lower during restriction than after and before restriction,which indicates that the implementation of traffic pollution control measures during the Olympic Games had a great effect on the decreasing of particle matter and PCDD/Fs,especially on the reduction of fine particles.
To assess the impact of traffic restriction on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans( PCDD/Fs) in atmospheric PM_(2.5) of Beijing,atmospheric particles( PM_(2.5),PM_(10),TSP) before and during traffic restriction and( PM_(2.5),PM_(10)) after traffic restriction in Beijing were collected concurrently with middle-volume active sampler at the east gate of China University of Geosciences( CUGB) to investigate ambient particuiates concentrations changing trend and the influence of traffic restriction on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans( PCDD/Fs). Instrumental analysis was performed by high-resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry( HRGC/HRMS) and US EPA 1613 B method. The results showed that the daily mean values of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),TSP were 126,202,304 μg/m~3 before restriction,39,78,93 μg/m~3 during restriction,and 79,126 μg/m~3 after restriction,respectively. The average concentrations( TEQ) of PCDD/Fs were 1 804 fg/m~3( 70 fg I-TEQ/m~3) before restriction,252 fg/m~3( 9 fg I-TEQ/m~3) during restriction and 1 196 fg/m~3( 48 fg I-TEQ/m~3) after restriction,respectively. The levels of air particles and PCDD/Fs were evidently lower during restriction than after and before restriction,which indicates that the implementation of traffic pollution control measures during the Olympic Games had a great effect on the decreasing of particle matter and PCDD/Fs,especially on the reduction of fine particles.
引文
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