锦州市市辖区二次供水卫生现状及对策
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摘要
目的了解市区内二次供水设施状况和水质卫生现况,为政府有针对性地采取措施保障饮用水卫生安全提供科学依据。方法对辽宁省锦州市市辖区267家二次供水单位进行卫生监督检查,并对末梢水进行快速检测,分析影响水质的危险因素。结果 267家二次供水单位中水质合格单位229家,水质合格率为85.8%;1998年之前建设的二次供水设施水质合格率(79.1%)明显低于1998年之后建设的二次供水设施水质合格率(94.1%)(χ2=12.262,P <0.05),多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,建设年代(OR=6.106)、泵房内墙壁或顶棚无防霉措施(OR=3.749)、管道锈迹严重(OR=23.014)、生活用水和消防共用一个贮水设备(OR=3.880)、未办理卫生许可证(OR=5.723)是二次供水水质的影响因素(P <0.05)。结论锦州市市辖区二次供水水质合格率还有待进一步提高;政府及供水单位应加大对二次供水设施的卫生监督及整改力度,消除影响二次供水水质的危险因素,排除隐患,保障百姓饮水卫生安全。
Objective To examine hygienic status of secondary water supply facilities and water quality in urban regions and to provide evidences for implementing targeted measures to ensure drinking water safety. Methods During 2016, health supervision and inspection were conducted on 267 secondary water supply facilities under the administration of Jinzhou municipality, Liaoning province; tap water samples were also collected for rapid detections of hygiene indicators; then impact factors for water quality were analyzed. Results The tap water from 229 of the 267 secondary water supply facilities were qualified, with a qualification rate of 85.8%. The qualification rate of tap water supplied by the facilities constructed before1998 was significantly lower than that supplied by the facilities constructed after 1998(79.1% vs. 94.1%, χ~2 = 12.262; P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that main impact factors of tap water quality of a water supply facility included the year for the construction the facility(odds ratio [OR] = 6.106), without fungus-resistant treatment for wall or ceiling of pump room(OR = 3.749), severe rusting of water supply pipes(OR = 23.014), with a water storage tank for both drinking water and fire fighting(OR = 3.880), and without hygiene license for the facility(OR = 5.723)(P < 0.05 for all).Conclusion The qualified rate of drinking water supplied by secondary water supply facilities in urban districts of Jinzhou city needs to be improved and supervision and management on the facilities should be strengthened by governmental agencies to ensure drinking water safety.
Objective To examine hygienic status of secondary water supply facilities and water quality in urban regions and to provide evidences for implementing targeted measures to ensure drinking water safety. Methods During 2016, health supervision and inspection were conducted on 267 secondary water supply facilities under the administration of Jinzhou municipality, Liaoning province; tap water samples were also collected for rapid detections of hygiene indicators; then impact factors for water quality were analyzed. Results The tap water from 229 of the 267 secondary water supply facilities were qualified, with a qualification rate of 85.8%. The qualification rate of tap water supplied by the facilities constructed before1998 was significantly lower than that supplied by the facilities constructed after 1998(79.1% vs. 94.1%, χ~2 = 12.262; P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that main impact factors of tap water quality of a water supply facility included the year for the construction the facility(odds ratio [OR] = 6.106), without fungus-resistant treatment for wall or ceiling of pump room(OR = 3.749), severe rusting of water supply pipes(OR = 23.014), with a water storage tank for both drinking water and fire fighting(OR = 3.880), and without hygiene license for the facility(OR = 5.723)(P < 0.05 for all).Conclusion The qualified rate of drinking water supplied by secondary water supply facilities in urban districts of Jinzhou city needs to be improved and supervision and management on the facilities should be strengthened by governmental agencies to ensure drinking water safety.
引文
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[17]杜掌绪,陈翠茹,张宏利,等.宝鸡市二次供水卫生状况调查及对策研讨[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2014,21(03):251-255.
[18]雷大鹏,金亦荣,林捷,等.苍南县二次供水卫生现状分析[J].预防医学,2018,30(05):531-532,535.
[2]徐迎春,阎西革,徐建军,等.2011-2013年烟台市城市生活饮用水水质分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2014,4(06):576-579.
[3]王燕,郝振峰,亢秀敏,等.河北省二次供水卫生监督监测结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(11):1208-1210.
[4]霍玉刚.大同市二次供水卫生监督管理存在的问题及研究对策[J].山西职工医学院学报,2014,06:65-66.
[5]张嘉恩.高层住宅二次供水泵房现状分析及接收管理建议[J].给水排水,2017,53(11):80-83.
[6]卫生部.GB/T 5750-2006,生活饮用水标准检验方法[S].北京:国家标准出版社,2006.
[7]住房和城乡建设部.住房城乡建设部,国家卫生计生委关于修改《生活饮用水卫生监督管理办法》的决定[Z].北京:住房和城乡建设部,2016-04-17.
[8]卫生部.GB 17051-1997二次供水设施卫生规范[S].北京:国家标准出版社,1997.
[9]卫生部.WS/T 458-2014卫生监督现场快速检测通用技术指南[S].北京:国家标准出版社,2014.
[10]卫生部.GB 5749-2006,生活饮用水卫生标准[S].北京:国家标准出版社,2006.
[11]杨晓丹,周卫国,顾晓瑜,等.两起老旧居民小区二次供水突发水质事件案例分析[J].预防医学,2018,30(01):94-95.
[12]梅霖,周璇娟,魏爽.二次供水中的水质安全问题与对策分析[J].江西建材,2017(23):125-127.
[13]刘世明.饮用水卫生监督存在的问题及对策[J].中国公共卫生管理,2014(06):894-895.
[14]柯善北.二次供水安全不容忽视[J].中华建设,2015(06):1.
[15]李贤冠.二次供水卫生管理存在的问题与对策分析[J].中国社会医学杂志,2013,30(01):71-72.
[16]鲁渊,刘晓君.二次供水设施产权移交的法律问题探讨[J].给水排水,2017,53(11):84-87.
[17]杜掌绪,陈翠茹,张宏利,等.宝鸡市二次供水卫生状况调查及对策研讨[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2014,21(03):251-255.
[18]雷大鹏,金亦荣,林捷,等.苍南县二次供水卫生现状分析[J].预防医学,2018,30(05):531-532,535.