信南高速公路边坡土壤化学性质对植物分布的影响
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摘要
高速公路边坡多以开挖出来的贫瘠生土和破碎岩石堆积形成,土壤营养元素、有机质等普遍含量低,探索边坡植物分布与土壤化学性质的耦合关系,对于保证边坡植物成活率、提高景观生态效果具有理论实践意义。以沪陕高速信(信阳)-南(南阳)段为对象,通过野外样地调查方法,冗余分析(RDA)探索不同土壤化学性质指标(全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质、pH值)对边坡植物分布的影响。结果表明,依据排序图显示的物种间相关性,可将9个物种分为种组Ⅰ(艾草、构树、扶芳藤)、种组Ⅱ(紫穗槐、高羊茅、白茅、荆条)和种组Ⅲ(黑麦草、燕麦)。土壤全磷和pH值对边坡植物分布具有显著影响(P<0.01),土壤全磷与种组Ⅰ、种组Ⅲ呈较强的正相关性,土壤pH值与种组Ⅱ呈较强的负相关性。种组Ⅰ适应分布在全风化岩生土路堤边坡上(试验段D),种组Ⅱ适应分布在全风化岩生土路堤边坡(试验段C)上,种组Ⅲ适应分布在填砂路堤边坡(试验段A)和亚黏土路堑边坡(试验段B)上。
Highway slopes are mostly formed by the accumulation of excavated barren raw soil and broken rocks.Soil nutrient elements,organic matter,etc.,are generally low in content.It is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the coupling relationship between the plant distribution and soil chemical properties in order to ensure the survival rate of plants and to improve the landscape ecological effect.In this study,Xin(Xinyang)-Nan(Nanyang) highway which belongs to Hushan highway was chosen as the research section.The effects of different soil chemical properties(total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter,and pH) on the plant distribution were elucidated by Redundancy Analysis(RDA) and field survey.The results showed that according to the inter-species correlation shown by the RDA sequence diagram,9 species could be divided into group Ⅰ(Artemisia argyi,Broussonetia papyrifera,Euonymus fortunei),group Ⅱ(Amorpha fruticosa,Festuca elata,Imperata cylindrica,Vitex negundo var.heterophylla) and group Ⅲ(Lolium perenne,Avena sativa).Soil total phosphorus and pH had significant effects on species distribution(P<0.01).There was a strong positive correlation between soil total phosphorus,group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ.There was a strong negative correlation between soil pH and Group Ⅱ.Group Ⅰ was adaptable to be distributed on the fully weathered rock and raw soil embankment slope(test section D),and group Ⅱ on the weathered rock cutting slope(test section C),and group Ⅲ on the sand-filled embankment slope(test section A) and the sub-clay cutting slope(test section B).
Highway slopes are mostly formed by the accumulation of excavated barren raw soil and broken rocks.Soil nutrient elements,organic matter,etc.,are generally low in content.It is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the coupling relationship between the plant distribution and soil chemical properties in order to ensure the survival rate of plants and to improve the landscape ecological effect.In this study,Xin(Xinyang)-Nan(Nanyang) highway which belongs to Hushan highway was chosen as the research section.The effects of different soil chemical properties(total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter,and pH) on the plant distribution were elucidated by Redundancy Analysis(RDA) and field survey.The results showed that according to the inter-species correlation shown by the RDA sequence diagram,9 species could be divided into group Ⅰ(Artemisia argyi,Broussonetia papyrifera,Euonymus fortunei),group Ⅱ(Amorpha fruticosa,Festuca elata,Imperata cylindrica,Vitex negundo var.heterophylla) and group Ⅲ(Lolium perenne,Avena sativa).Soil total phosphorus and pH had significant effects on species distribution(P<0.01).There was a strong positive correlation between soil total phosphorus,group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ.There was a strong negative correlation between soil pH and Group Ⅱ.Group Ⅰ was adaptable to be distributed on the fully weathered rock and raw soil embankment slope(test section D),and group Ⅱ on the weathered rock cutting slope(test section C),and group Ⅲ on the sand-filled embankment slope(test section A) and the sub-clay cutting slope(test section B).
引文
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[23] 简敏菲,简美锋,李玲玉,等.鄱阳湖典型湿地沉水植物的分布格局及其水环境影响因子[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(5):765-772
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