琼胶寡糖对秋葵生长及品质的影响
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摘要
为探究琼胶寡糖作为叶面肥的效果,本研究以秋葵为试验材料,以复合肥作为基肥(对照),在秋葵的生长过程中分别增施0.2‰琼胶寡糖(0.2‰OA)、海藻肥基肥(SF),测定秋葵的生长指标、果实参数及营养品质。结果表明,与对照相比,0.2‰OA显著促进了秋葵植株的生长并提高了果实产量和营养品质(P<0.05)。0.2‰OA组的秋葵产量较对照提高41.56%,果实中营养物质黄酮、果糖、果胶、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和Vc分别增加0.39个百分点、29.33%、93.28%、36.09%、19.75%和18.14%。海藻肥的促进效果虽稍逊于琼胶寡糖,但与对照相比仍有显著改善(P<0.05)。SF组产量较对照提高14.74%,其营养物质黄酮、果胶、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和Vc分别增加0.31个百分点、27.67%、13.26%、6.00%和5.07%。综上,琼胶寡糖能够明显改善果蔬的生长及品质,在高品质果蔬的生产中具有较大应用潜力。本研究结果为琼胶寡糖在高品质农业生产中的应用提供了理论依据。
In order to explore the effects of oligoagars(OA) as a foliar fertilizer, okar(Abelmoschus moschatus) was tested in this study. Compound fertilizer as the basic fertilizer(control group), 0.2‰ OA and seaweed fertilizer(SF) were applied as the experimental groups, and the growth indexes, fruit parameters and nutritional qualities of okra were measured for each group. The results showed that 0.2‰ OA significantly promoted the plant growth and improved fruit yield and nutritional quality(P<0.05). Compared with the control groups, the yield of okra in the 0.2‰ OA group increased by 41.56%, the content of nutrients such as flavone, fructose, pectin, free amino acid, soluble sugar, and Vc increased by 0.39 percentage points, 29.33%, 93.28%, 36.09%, 19.75%, and 18.14%, respectively. Although the promotion effect of seaweed fertilizer was slightly lower than that of 0.2‰ OA, it was still significantly improved compared with the control group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the yield of okra in the SF groups increased by 14.74%, the content of nutrient such as flavone, pectin, free amino acid, soluble sugar, and Vc increased by 0.31 percentage points, 27.67%, 13.26%, 6.00% and 5.07%, respectively. In summary, oligoagars had great potential to improve the yield and quality of vegetables, which could be popularized in the high-quality agricultural production. The results provided a theoretical basis for the application of oligoagars in high-quality agricultural production.
In order to explore the effects of oligoagars(OA) as a foliar fertilizer, okar(Abelmoschus moschatus) was tested in this study. Compound fertilizer as the basic fertilizer(control group), 0.2‰ OA and seaweed fertilizer(SF) were applied as the experimental groups, and the growth indexes, fruit parameters and nutritional qualities of okra were measured for each group. The results showed that 0.2‰ OA significantly promoted the plant growth and improved fruit yield and nutritional quality(P<0.05). Compared with the control groups, the yield of okra in the 0.2‰ OA group increased by 41.56%, the content of nutrients such as flavone, fructose, pectin, free amino acid, soluble sugar, and Vc increased by 0.39 percentage points, 29.33%, 93.28%, 36.09%, 19.75%, and 18.14%, respectively. Although the promotion effect of seaweed fertilizer was slightly lower than that of 0.2‰ OA, it was still significantly improved compared with the control group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the yield of okra in the SF groups increased by 14.74%, the content of nutrient such as flavone, pectin, free amino acid, soluble sugar, and Vc increased by 0.31 percentage points, 27.67%, 13.26%, 6.00% and 5.07%, respectively. In summary, oligoagars had great potential to improve the yield and quality of vegetables, which could be popularized in the high-quality agricultural production. The results provided a theoretical basis for the application of oligoagars in high-quality agricultural production.
引文
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[7] 张运红.高活性寡糖筛选及其促进植物生长的生理机制研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2011
[8] Renard-merlier D,Randoux B,Nowak E,Farcy F,Durand R.Iodus 40,salicylic acid,heptanoyl salicylic acid and trehalose exhibit different efficacies and defence targets during a wheat/powdery mildew interaction[J].Phytochemistry,2007,68(8):1156-1164
[9] Yu J C.Research progress in application of seaweed oligosaccharides in agriculture[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2016,47(6):921-927
[10] Kollárová K,Kamenická Ⅴ,Vatehová Z,Li?ková D.Impact of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides and Cd stress on maize root growth parameters,morphology,and structure[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2018,222:59-66
[11] Zhao X,Liang T,Zhao R.Effects of Chitooligosaccharide on plant growth and antioxidant system in seedlings of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) under PEG stress[J].Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology,2018,20(4):20-28
[12] Yin H,Li Y,Zhang H Y,Wang W X,Lu H.Chitosan oligosaccharides-triggered innate immunity contributes to oilseed rape resistance against sclerotinia sclerotiorum[J].International Journal of Plant Sciences,2013,174(4):722-732
[13] Kang L,Liu B,Yang X,Chai X R.Studies on chitooligosaccharide-induced resistance to rhizoctonia solani in flowering chinese cabbage[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-sinica,2014,29(4):145-150
[14] Jing H,Wan L,Shen M.Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide on fresh keeping of cut rose[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(10):126-128
[15] Ma C Y,Bu N,Ma L J.Effects of alginatederived oligosaccharide on seed germination and seedlings physiological characters of sorghum[J].Journal of Shenyang Normal University (Natural Science),2010,28(1):79-82
[16] Zhang S D,Zhang T Z,Han X D,Su J P.Alleviation effects of spraying alginate-derived oligosaccharide on physiological indexes of wheat seedlings under chloryrifosstress[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(5):1277-1281
[17] Liu R Z,Jiang X L,Guan H,Li X,Du Y.Promotive effects of alginate-derived oligosacchrides on the inducing drought resistance of tomato[J].Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research,2009,8(3):303-311
[18] 蓝炎阳,高剑龙,曾润颖,王少峰.海藻寡糖对琯溪蜜柚保鲜品质的影响[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2013,42(5):480-484
[19] Wang X J,Chen H M,Chen J J,Luo Q J,Xu J L,Yan X J.Response of Pyropia haitanensis to agaro-oligosaccharides evidenced mainly by the activation of the eicosanoid pathway[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2013,25(6):1895-1902
[20] Chen H,Jian Q,Luo Q,Zhu Z,Yang R.Application of oligoagars as elicitors for field aquaculture of Pyropia haitanensis[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2016,28(3):1783-1791
[21] 孟秋峰,曹亮亮,任锡亮,陈承,魏其炎.结球芥(包心芥)品种比较试验初报[J].中国瓜菜,2015,28(5):49-51
[22] Ordonez A A L,Gomez J D,Vattuone M A,Lsla M Ⅰ.Antioxidant activities of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz extracts[J].Food Chemisty,2006,97(3):452-458
[23] 国家标准物质网.果胶物质测定-重量法[DB/OL].(2013-11-25)[2018-01-15].http://www.bzwz.com/HTML_News/News_12677.html
[24] 高尚.施肥对黄秋葵生长、产量和品质的影响[D].海口:海南大学,2016
[25] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[26] 刘瑞志.褐藻寡糖促进植物生长与抗逆效应机理研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009
[27] Hu X K,Jiang X L,Hwang H M,Liu S L,Guan H S.Promotive effects of alginate-derived oligosaccharide on maize seed germination[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2004,16(1):73-76
[28] Zhang Y H,Zhang G,Liu L Y,Zhao K,Wu L.The role of calcium in regulating alginate-derived oligosaccharides in nitrogen metabolism of Brassica campestris L.var.utilis Tsen et Lee[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2011,64(2):193-202
[29] Bilisics L,Vojtaak J,Capek P,Kollárová K,Li?ková D.Changes in glycosidase avtivities during galactoglucom annan oligosaccharide inhibition of auxin induced growth[J].Phytochemistry,2004,65(13):1903-1909
[30] Liu H,Zhang Y H,Yin H,Wang W X,Zhao X M.Alginate oligosaccharides enhanced Triticum aestivum L.tolerance to drought stress[J].Plant Physiology & Biochemistry,2013,62:33-40
[31] García Sahagún M L,Martínez Juárez Ⅴ,Avendaňo López A N,Padilla Sahagún M,Izquierdo Oviedo H.Action of oligosaccharides on the yield and quality of tomato[J].Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana,2009,32(4):295-301
[32] Wang L M.Effect of chito-oligosaccharides application on tea quality[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2008,36(5):1908-1909
[33] 王婷婷.海洋寡糖对植物促生长及生理特性的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012
[34] Wang Y,Fu F,Li J,Wang G,Wu M.Effects of seaweed fertilizer on the growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd.seedlings,soil enzyme activities and fungal communities under replant condition[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2016,75:1-7
[35] 许俊香,邹国元,孙钦平,刘本生,李钰飞.施用有机肥对蔬菜生长和土壤磷素累积的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(9):1824-1832
[36] 孙锦,于庆文.5种海藻肥在黄瓜上的施用效果比较试验[J].甘肃农业科技,2005(2):45-47
[37] Zhang R,Wang Y X,Zhao X H,Ling L Ⅰ,Fu X L.Effects of different seaweed fertilizer levels on soil fertility and fruit quality of ‘Feicheng’ peach[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2016(12):1819-1828
[2] Santos Ⅰ F,Santos A M P,Barbosa U A,Barbosa U A,Lima J S,Santos D C.Multivariate analysis of the mineral content of raw and cooked okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)[J].Micro-chemical Journal,2013,110(9):439-443
[3] Jarret R L,Wang M L,Levy Ⅰ J.Seed oil and fatty acid content in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)and related species[J].Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry,2011,59(8):4019-4024
[4] Liu Ⅰ M,Thingfong T,Shorongshii L.Abelmoschus moschatus (Malvaceae),an aromatic plant,suitable for medical or food uses to improve insulin sensitivity[J].Phytotherapy Research,2010,24(2):233-239
[5] 袁学平.浅谈黄秋葵种植及综合开发技术[J].中国农业信息,2014(1):44
[6] 黄菊艳.寡糖对植物不同发育形式的生理调节作用[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2014
[7] 张运红.高活性寡糖筛选及其促进植物生长的生理机制研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2011
[8] Renard-merlier D,Randoux B,Nowak E,Farcy F,Durand R.Iodus 40,salicylic acid,heptanoyl salicylic acid and trehalose exhibit different efficacies and defence targets during a wheat/powdery mildew interaction[J].Phytochemistry,2007,68(8):1156-1164
[9] Yu J C.Research progress in application of seaweed oligosaccharides in agriculture[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2016,47(6):921-927
[10] Kollárová K,Kamenická Ⅴ,Vatehová Z,Li?ková D.Impact of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides and Cd stress on maize root growth parameters,morphology,and structure[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2018,222:59-66
[11] Zhao X,Liang T,Zhao R.Effects of Chitooligosaccharide on plant growth and antioxidant system in seedlings of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) under PEG stress[J].Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology,2018,20(4):20-28
[12] Yin H,Li Y,Zhang H Y,Wang W X,Lu H.Chitosan oligosaccharides-triggered innate immunity contributes to oilseed rape resistance against sclerotinia sclerotiorum[J].International Journal of Plant Sciences,2013,174(4):722-732
[13] Kang L,Liu B,Yang X,Chai X R.Studies on chitooligosaccharide-induced resistance to rhizoctonia solani in flowering chinese cabbage[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-sinica,2014,29(4):145-150
[14] Jing H,Wan L,Shen M.Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide on fresh keeping of cut rose[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(10):126-128
[15] Ma C Y,Bu N,Ma L J.Effects of alginatederived oligosaccharide on seed germination and seedlings physiological characters of sorghum[J].Journal of Shenyang Normal University (Natural Science),2010,28(1):79-82
[16] Zhang S D,Zhang T Z,Han X D,Su J P.Alleviation effects of spraying alginate-derived oligosaccharide on physiological indexes of wheat seedlings under chloryrifosstress[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(5):1277-1281
[17] Liu R Z,Jiang X L,Guan H,Li X,Du Y.Promotive effects of alginate-derived oligosacchrides on the inducing drought resistance of tomato[J].Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research,2009,8(3):303-311
[18] 蓝炎阳,高剑龙,曾润颖,王少峰.海藻寡糖对琯溪蜜柚保鲜品质的影响[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2013,42(5):480-484
[19] Wang X J,Chen H M,Chen J J,Luo Q J,Xu J L,Yan X J.Response of Pyropia haitanensis to agaro-oligosaccharides evidenced mainly by the activation of the eicosanoid pathway[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2013,25(6):1895-1902
[20] Chen H,Jian Q,Luo Q,Zhu Z,Yang R.Application of oligoagars as elicitors for field aquaculture of Pyropia haitanensis[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2016,28(3):1783-1791
[21] 孟秋峰,曹亮亮,任锡亮,陈承,魏其炎.结球芥(包心芥)品种比较试验初报[J].中国瓜菜,2015,28(5):49-51
[22] Ordonez A A L,Gomez J D,Vattuone M A,Lsla M Ⅰ.Antioxidant activities of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz extracts[J].Food Chemisty,2006,97(3):452-458
[23] 国家标准物质网.果胶物质测定-重量法[DB/OL].(2013-11-25)[2018-01-15].http://www.bzwz.com/HTML_News/News_12677.html
[24] 高尚.施肥对黄秋葵生长、产量和品质的影响[D].海口:海南大学,2016
[25] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[26] 刘瑞志.褐藻寡糖促进植物生长与抗逆效应机理研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009
[27] Hu X K,Jiang X L,Hwang H M,Liu S L,Guan H S.Promotive effects of alginate-derived oligosaccharide on maize seed germination[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2004,16(1):73-76
[28] Zhang Y H,Zhang G,Liu L Y,Zhao K,Wu L.The role of calcium in regulating alginate-derived oligosaccharides in nitrogen metabolism of Brassica campestris L.var.utilis Tsen et Lee[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2011,64(2):193-202
[29] Bilisics L,Vojtaak J,Capek P,Kollárová K,Li?ková D.Changes in glycosidase avtivities during galactoglucom annan oligosaccharide inhibition of auxin induced growth[J].Phytochemistry,2004,65(13):1903-1909
[30] Liu H,Zhang Y H,Yin H,Wang W X,Zhao X M.Alginate oligosaccharides enhanced Triticum aestivum L.tolerance to drought stress[J].Plant Physiology & Biochemistry,2013,62:33-40
[31] García Sahagún M L,Martínez Juárez Ⅴ,Avendaňo López A N,Padilla Sahagún M,Izquierdo Oviedo H.Action of oligosaccharides on the yield and quality of tomato[J].Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana,2009,32(4):295-301
[32] Wang L M.Effect of chito-oligosaccharides application on tea quality[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2008,36(5):1908-1909
[33] 王婷婷.海洋寡糖对植物促生长及生理特性的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012
[34] Wang Y,Fu F,Li J,Wang G,Wu M.Effects of seaweed fertilizer on the growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd.seedlings,soil enzyme activities and fungal communities under replant condition[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2016,75:1-7
[35] 许俊香,邹国元,孙钦平,刘本生,李钰飞.施用有机肥对蔬菜生长和土壤磷素累积的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(9):1824-1832
[36] 孙锦,于庆文.5种海藻肥在黄瓜上的施用效果比较试验[J].甘肃农业科技,2005(2):45-47
[37] Zhang R,Wang Y X,Zhao X H,Ling L Ⅰ,Fu X L.Effects of different seaweed fertilizer levels on soil fertility and fruit quality of ‘Feicheng’ peach[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2016(12):1819-1828