寄生经历和寄主龄期对斑痣悬茧蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫效能的影响
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摘要
草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)属鳞翅目灰翅夜蛾属,是新近入侵我国的重大危险性害虫。斑痣悬茧蜂已被证明对同属于灰翅夜蛾属的甜菜夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾的幼虫均具有较强的寄生能力。为探究短期驯化是否能有效改善斑痣悬茧蜂对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生能力,本研究比较了有、无寄生经历的斑痣悬茧蜂雌蜂分别对2龄和3龄草地贪夜蛾幼虫在寄生行为和效能上的差异。结果表明,有寄生经历的雌蜂相对于无寄生经历的雌蜂能够较快刺扎寄主幼虫,并表现出更高的刺扎频率和寄生率,但雌蜂的各项行为指标在2龄和3龄幼虫间无显著差异。本研究将为改善本土天敌对入侵性草地贪夜蛾的防控能力提供借鉴。
Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith), belonging to the genus Spodoptera, Lepidoptera, is a new dangerous invasive pest in China. Meteorus pulchricornis has been demonstrated as an effective biological control agent against the larvae of Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua, which are both belonging to the genus Spodoptera. To investigate whether the short-term training is helpful to improve the parasitic efficacy of M. pulchricornis females against S. frugiperda larvae, we compared the parasitic behavior and efficacy of females with or without parasitic experience when they parasite 2 nd instar and 3 rd instar larvae of S. frugiperda. The results showed that the experienced females performed higher parasitism rate, more frequent sting behavior, and shorter time to parasite host larvae than inexperienced females, but the parasitic behaviors were not different between 2 nd and 3 rd instar larvae. The results will supply a reference for the improvement of native natural enemies for the control of invasive pests.
Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith), belonging to the genus Spodoptera, Lepidoptera, is a new dangerous invasive pest in China. Meteorus pulchricornis has been demonstrated as an effective biological control agent against the larvae of Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua, which are both belonging to the genus Spodoptera. To investigate whether the short-term training is helpful to improve the parasitic efficacy of M. pulchricornis females against S. frugiperda larvae, we compared the parasitic behavior and efficacy of females with or without parasitic experience when they parasite 2 nd instar and 3 rd instar larvae of S. frugiperda. The results showed that the experienced females performed higher parasitism rate, more frequent sting behavior, and shorter time to parasite host larvae than inexperienced females, but the parasitic behaviors were not different between 2 nd and 3 rd instar larvae. The results will supply a reference for the improvement of native natural enemies for the control of invasive pests.
引文
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[18] 王晓红,杨忠岐,唐艳龙,等.两种肿腿蜂对锈色粒肩天牛虫粪及其寄主植物气味的学习行为[J].环境昆虫学报,2011,33(3):357-363.
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[2] 吴秋琳,姜玉英,吴孔明.草地贪夜蛾缅甸虫源迁入中国的路径分析[J].植物保护,2019,45(2):1-6.
[3] 姜玉英,刘杰,朱晓明.草地贪夜蛾侵入我国的发生动态和未来趋势分析[J].中国植保导刊,2019,39(2):33-35.
[4] 王磊,陈科伟,陆永跃.我国草地贪夜蛾入侵扩张动态与发生趋势预测[J/OL].环境昆虫学报,2019,41(4):683-694.
[5] 唐璞,王知知,吴琼,等.草地贪夜蛾的天敌资源及其生物防治中的应用[J].应用昆虫学报,2019,56(3):370-381.
[6] 李志刚,吕欣,押玉柯,等.粤港两地田间发现夜蛾黑卵蜂与螟黄赤眼蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾[J/OL].环境昆虫学报,2019,41(4):760-765.
[7] LIU Hong,STILING P.Testing the enemy release hypothesis:a review and meta-analysis [J].Biological Invasions,2006,8(7):1535-1545.
[8] 万方浩,侯有明,蒋明星.入侵生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.
[9] 荆英,黄建,黄蓬英.有益瓢虫的生防利用研究概述[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002(4):299-303.
[10] 刘树生,江丽辉,李月红.寄生蜂成虫在寄主搜索过程中的学习行为[J].昆虫学报,2003,46(2):228-236.
[11] 胡浩,孟玲,李保平.斑痣悬茧蜂对不同龄期斜纹夜蛾幼虫的寄生功能反应[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(2):176-180.
[12] 郭林芳,孟玲,李保平.斑痣悬茧蜂寄生对甜菜夜蛾幼虫行为的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2010,33(5):71-74.
[13] 叶昕海,杨义,梅洋,等.草地贪夜蛾基因组注释及分析[J/OL].环境昆虫学报,2019,41(4):706-717.
[14] BOWLING C C.Rearing of two lepidopterous pests of rice on a common artificial diet [J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,1967,60(6):1215-1216.
[15] FARAWAY J J.Extending the linear model with R:Generalized linear,mixed effects and nonparametric regression models[M].Second edition.Boca Raton:CRC Press,2016.
[16] R Core Team.R:A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [EB/OL].R Foundation for Statistical Computing,Vienna,Austria.[2019-03-11].https://www.r-project.org/.
[17] 张博,冯素芳,黄露,等.斑痣悬茧蜂的寄主辨别能力及其影响因素[J].昆虫学报,2011,54(12):1391-1398.
[18] 王晓红,杨忠岐,唐艳龙,等.两种肿腿蜂对锈色粒肩天牛虫粪及其寄主植物气味的学习行为[J].环境昆虫学报,2011,33(3):357-363.
[19] 李保平,刘小宁.学习对广赤眼蜂寻找寄主和接受寄主行为的影响[J].昆虫天敌,2002(4):154-158.
[20] 李琼芳.斑痣悬茧蜂产雌孤雌生殖的初步观察[J].昆虫知识,1984(2):82-83.
[21] LIU Quanquan,ZHANG Tongshu,LI Chunxue,et al.Decision-making in a bisexual line and a thelytokous Wolbachia-infected line of Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura (Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae) regarding behavior toward their hosts [J].Pest Management Science,2018,74(7):1720-1727.
[22] HEIMPEL G E,DE BOER J G.Sex determination in the Hymenoptera [J].Annual Review of Entomology,2008,53:209-230.