环境规制约束下区域创新对碳压力水平的影响研究
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摘要
以2000～2015年中国区域面板数据为样本,测算了碳压力水平,分析了其总体特征,讨论了区域创新、环境规制和碳压力水平之间的理论框架,并应用全局因子分析法从技术创新、产业创新和制度创新3个维度对区域创新能力进行了分解。运用面板门槛模型实证检验了区域创新对碳压力水平变化的影响,研究发现:中国碳压力水平从盈余转变成超载的状态,在区域之间存在较大差异,碳汇增长速度滞后;环境规制对区域创新存在门槛效应,在一定的门槛值区间内,区域创新对碳压力水平改善起到正向效应,即"波特假说"是有条件成立的;区域基础异质性会对碳压力水平的变化产生不同的影响。研究表明,必须实施差异化的环境规制政策引导区域创新方向,实现低碳化转型并减少社会福利损失。
Taking the regional panel data of China from 2000 to 2015 as samples,the carbon pressure levels of different regions are calculated and overall characteristics are analyzed.The theoretical framework of regional innovation,environmental regulation and carbon pressure level are discussed.Using the global factor analysis method,the regional innovation abilities are decomposed from three dimensions:technological innovation,industrial innovation and institutional innovation.The panel threshold model is used to empirically investigate the regional innovation effect on carbon pressure level.The results indicate that China's carbon pressure levels change from surplus to overload and there are great differences among regions;the growth rate of carbon sequestration lags behind the increase in carbon pressure levels;environmental regulation has a threshold effect on regional innovation;within a certain threshold range,regional innovation has positive effect on the improvement of carbon pressure level,that is,the"Potter hypothesis"is conditional;and regional heterogeneity has different effects on the change of carbon pressure level,which suggests the implementation of differentiated regional environmental regulation policies will contribute to guide innovation,hence to achieve low carbon transition and reduce social welfare losses.
Taking the regional panel data of China from 2000 to 2015 as samples,the carbon pressure levels of different regions are calculated and overall characteristics are analyzed.The theoretical framework of regional innovation,environmental regulation and carbon pressure level are discussed.Using the global factor analysis method,the regional innovation abilities are decomposed from three dimensions:technological innovation,industrial innovation and institutional innovation.The panel threshold model is used to empirically investigate the regional innovation effect on carbon pressure level.The results indicate that China's carbon pressure levels change from surplus to overload and there are great differences among regions;the growth rate of carbon sequestration lags behind the increase in carbon pressure levels;environmental regulation has a threshold effect on regional innovation;within a certain threshold range,regional innovation has positive effect on the improvement of carbon pressure level,that is,the"Potter hypothesis"is conditional;and regional heterogeneity has different effects on the change of carbon pressure level,which suggests the implementation of differentiated regional environmental regulation policies will contribute to guide innovation,hence to achieve low carbon transition and reduce social welfare losses.
引文
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[2]SU B,ANG B W.Multiplicative Decomposition of Aggregate Carbon Intensity Change Using Input-Output Analysis[J].Applied Energy,2015,154(9):13-20.
[3]SOMMER M,KRATENA K.The Carbon Footprint of European Households and Income Distribution[J].Ecological Economics,2017,136(6):62-72.
[4]单福征,於家,赵军,等.郊区快速工业化的土地利用及碳排放响应——以张江高科技园区为例[J].资源科学,2011,33(8):1 600-1 607.
[5]梁中,徐蓓.中国省域碳压力空间分布及其重心迁移[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):179-186.
[6]吴鸣然,赵敏.中国区域创新竞争力的综合评价与空间差异性分析[J].上海经济,2018(1):78-90.
[7]詹湘东,王保林.区域知识管理对区域创新能力的影响研究[J].管理学报,2015,12(5):710-718.
[8]NAPP T A,GAMBHIR A,HILLS T P,et al.A Review of the Technologies,Economics and Policy Instruments for Decarbonising Energy-Intensive Manufacturing Industries[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2014,30(2):616-640.
[9]程时雄,柳剑平,龚兆鋆.中国工业行业节能减排经济增长效应的测度及影响因素分析[J].世界经济,2016,39(3):166-192.
[10]LI W W,WANG W P,WANG Y,et al.Historical Growth in Total Factor Carbon Productivity of the Chinese Industry:A Comprehensive Analysis[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,170:471-485.
[11]BAI Y P,DENG X Z,ZHANG Q,et al.Measuring Environmental Performance of Industrial Sub-Sectors in China:A Stochastic Metafrontier Approach[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2017,101(10):3-12.
[12]LI Z L,SUN L,GENG Y,et al.Examining Industrial Structure Changes and Corresponding Carbon Emission Reduction Effect by Combining Input-Output Analysis and Social Network Analysis:A Comparison Study of China and Japan[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,162:61-70.
[13]白俊红,王林东.创新驱动是否促进了经济增长质量的提升?[J].科学学研究,2016,34(11):1 725-1 735.
[14]MIREMADI I,SABOOHI Y,JACOBSSON S,et al.Assessing the Performance of Energy Innovation Systems:Towards an Established Set of Indicators[J].Energy Research and Social Science,2018,40(6):159-176.
[15]PORTER M E.Toward a New Conception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship[J].Journal of Economic Perspectives,1995,9(4):97-118.
[16]屈小娥.行业特征、环境管制与生产率增长——基于“波特假说”的检验[J].软科学,2015,29(2):24-27,60.
[17]余伟,陈强,陈华.环境规制、技术创新与经营绩效——基于37个工业行业的实证分析[J].科研管理,2017,38(2):18-25.
[18]RAMANATHAN R,HE Q,BLACK A,et al.Environmental Regulations,Innovation and Firm Performance:A Revisit of the Porter Hypothesis[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,155:79-92.
[19]陈力田,朱亚丽,郭磊.多重制度压力下企业绿色创新响应行为动因研究[J].管理学报,2018,15(5):710-717.
[20]IAMSIRAROJ S.The Foreign Direct Investment-Economic Growth Nexus[J].International Review of Economics and Finance,2016,42(3):116-133.
[21]李小平,卢现祥,陶小琴.环境规制强度是否影响了中国工业行业的贸易比较优势[J].世界经济,2012,35(4):62-78.
[22]张兵兵,田曦,朱晶.环境污染治理、市场化与能源效率:理论与实证分析[J].南京社会科学,2017(2):39-46.
[23]邱斌,唐保庆,孙少勤,等.要素禀赋、制度红利与新型出口比较优势[J].经济研究,2014,49(8):107-119.
[24]刘爱东,曾辉祥,刘文静.中国碳排放与出口贸易间脱钩关系实证[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(7):73-81.
[25]卢俊宇,黄贤金,陈逸,等.基于能源消费的中国省级区域碳足迹时空演变分析[J].地理研究,2013,32(2):326-336.
[26]HANSEN B E.Threshold Effects in Non-Dynamic Panels:Estimation, Testing and Inference[J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93(2):345-368.
[27]任保平,钞小静,魏婕,等.中国经济增长质量发展报告(2014):创新驱动背景下的中国经济增长质量[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2014.