基于格网的南昌市生态环境脆弱性评价
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摘要
科学评价生态环境的脆弱性,对合理利用土地资源和促进区域生态安全具有重要意义。以公里格网为基本评价单元,以快速城市化区域典型代表南昌市为研究区,通过SRP概念模型构建评价指标体系并选取17个评价指标,基于空间主成分分析法、全局Moran′s I指数以及LISA聚类图,量化分析了2000—2015年南昌市生态环境脆弱性的时空分布特征及驱动力。结果表明:(1)2000—2015年南昌市生态环境脆弱性呈现由轻度脆弱向中度脆弱演变的趋势;(2)2000—2015年南昌市各县(区)生态环境脆弱性差异明显,东湖区、西湖区、青山湖区、青云谱区、湾里区脆弱性程度最高,其他县(区)脆弱性增幅较大;(3)2000和2015年南昌市生态环境脆弱性具有明显的空间自相关性,且为正相关,高高聚集区主要分布在极度脆弱区,低低聚集区与微度和轻度脆弱区相关;(4)研究时段内,南昌市生态环境脆弱性主要驱动力为人口密度、人均GDP、人均耕地、坡度、地形起伏度、年均气温、极端最高温、极端最低温、年均降水量。
Scientific evaluation of the fragility of the ecological environment is of great significance for the rational use of land resources and regional ecological security. Taking the Nanchang City as a case study area, we developed an index-based system for eco-environmental vulnerability assessment based on the ecological sensitivity-ecological recovery-ecological pressure model. Utilizing the spatial principal component analysis method, the global Moran′ I index and LISA clustering map, seventeen indicators were selected and used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution and driving factors of the eco-environmental vulnerability of Nanchang City from 2000 to 2015. Our analyses show there was an increasing trend from light to medium vulnerability in Nanchang City from 2000 to 2015. The spatial heterogeneity of eco-environmental vulnerability in Nanchang City is obvious in both 2000 and 2015. Among the administrative divisions in Nanchang City, the areas with the highest environmental vulnerability were mainly distributed in Donghu, West Lake, Qingshan Lake and Wanli districts. In 2000 and 2015, there was significant global spatial autocorrelation of the eco-environmental vulnerability. High-high(HH) areas were mainly distributed in extremely vulnerable regions, and low-low(LL) regions were associated with negligible and lightly vulnerable areas. From 2000 to 2015, the drivers of eco-environmental vulnerability in Nanchang City were population density, per capita GDP, per capita arable land, slope, topographic relief, average annual temperature, extreme maximum temperature, extreme minimum temperature, and average annual precipitation.
Scientific evaluation of the fragility of the ecological environment is of great significance for the rational use of land resources and regional ecological security. Taking the Nanchang City as a case study area, we developed an index-based system for eco-environmental vulnerability assessment based on the ecological sensitivity-ecological recovery-ecological pressure model. Utilizing the spatial principal component analysis method, the global Moran′ I index and LISA clustering map, seventeen indicators were selected and used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution and driving factors of the eco-environmental vulnerability of Nanchang City from 2000 to 2015. Our analyses show there was an increasing trend from light to medium vulnerability in Nanchang City from 2000 to 2015. The spatial heterogeneity of eco-environmental vulnerability in Nanchang City is obvious in both 2000 and 2015. Among the administrative divisions in Nanchang City, the areas with the highest environmental vulnerability were mainly distributed in Donghu, West Lake, Qingshan Lake and Wanli districts. In 2000 and 2015, there was significant global spatial autocorrelation of the eco-environmental vulnerability. High-high(HH) areas were mainly distributed in extremely vulnerable regions, and low-low(LL) regions were associated with negligible and lightly vulnerable areas. From 2000 to 2015, the drivers of eco-environmental vulnerability in Nanchang City were population density, per capita GDP, per capita arable land, slope, topographic relief, average annual temperature, extreme maximum temperature, extreme minimum temperature, and average annual precipitation.
引文
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[2] 张学玲,余文波,蔡海生,郭晓敏.区域生态环境脆弱性评价方法研究综述.生态学报,2018,38(16):5970- 5981.
[3] Lavorel S,Flannigan M D,Lambin E F,Scholes M C.Vulnerability of land systems to fire:Interactions among humans,climate,the atmosphere,and ecosystems.Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change,2006,12(1):33- 53.
[4] 马骏,李昌晓,魏虹,马朋,杨予静,任庆水,张雯.三峡库区生态脆弱性评价.生态学报,2015,35(21):7117- 7129.
[5] 王瑞燕,赵庚星,周伟,姜曙千,秦元伟.县域生态环境脆弱性评价及其动态分析——以黄河三角洲垦利县为例.生态学报,2009,29(7):3790- 3799.
[6] 王录仓,史凯文,梁珍.城市脆弱性综合评价与动态演变研究——以兰州市为例.生态经济,2017,33(9):137- 141,179.
[7] Tapia C,Abajo B,Feliu E,Mendizabal M,Martinez J A,Fernández J G,Laburu T,Lejarazu A.Profiling urban vulnerabilities to climate change:An indicator-based vulnerability assessment for European cities.Ecological Indicators,2017,78:142- 155.
[8] Ding Q,Shi X,Zhuang D F,Wang Y.Temporal and spatial distributions of ecological vulnerability under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors in an eco-province under construction in China.Sustainability,2018,10(9):3087.
[9] Wang Y,Ding Q,Zhuang D F.An eco-city evaluation method based on spatial analysis technology:A case study of Jiangsu Province,China.Ecological Indicators,2015,58:37- 46.
[10] 林金煌,胡国建,祁新华,徐曹越,张岸,陈文惠,帅晨,梁春阳.闽三角城市群生态环境脆弱性及其驱动力.生态学报,2018,38(12):4155- 4166.
[11] 毛学刚,汪航.基于栅格尺度的北京市密云县生态环境脆弱性评价.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2017,41(1):96- 102.
[12] 靳毅,蒙吉军.生态脆弱性评价与预测研究进展.生态学杂志,2011,30(11):2646- 2652.
[13] 徐广才,康慕谊,贺丽娜,李亚飞,陈雅如.生态脆弱性及其研究进展.生态学报,2009,29(5):2578- 2588.
[14] 蔡海生,陈美球,赵小敏.脆弱生态环境脆弱度评价研究进展.江西农业大学学报,2003,25(2):270- 275.
[15] 袁烽迪,张溪,魏永强.青藏高原生态屏障区生态环境脆弱性评价研究.地理空间信息,2018,16(4):67- 69.
[16] Nguyen A K,Liou Y A,Li M H,Tran T A.Zoning eco-environmental vulnerability for environmental management and protection.Ecological Indicators,2016,69:100- 117.
[17] 孙平军,修春亮,王忠芝.基于PSE模型的矿业城市生态脆弱性的变化研究——以辽宁阜新为例.经济地理,2010,30(8):1354- 1359.
[18] Hou K,Li X X,Zhang J.GIS analysis of changes in ecological vulnerability using a SPCA model in the loess plateau of northern Shaanxi,China.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2015,12(4):4292- 4305.
[19] 王志杰,苏嫄.南水北调中线汉中市水源地生态脆弱性评价与特征分析.生态学报,2018,38(2):432- 442.
[20] 康永辉,解建仓,黄伟军,王宝红.广西大石山区农业干旱成因分析及脆弱性评价.自然灾害学报,2014,23(3):24- 32.
[21] Liu D,Cao C X,Dubovyk O,Tian R,Chen W,Zhuang Q F,Zhao Y J,Menz G.Using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process for spatio-temporal analysis of eco-environmental vulnerability change during 1990- 2010 in Sanjiangyuan region,China.Ecological Indicators,2017,73:612- 625.
[22] 吴春生,黄翀,刘高焕,刘庆生.基于模糊层次分析法的黄河三角洲生态脆弱性评价.生态学报,2018,38(13):4584- 4595.
[23] 范语馨,史志华.基于模糊层次分析法的生态环境脆弱性评价——以三峡水库生态屏障区湖北段为例.水土保持学报,2018,32(1):91- 96.
[24] 孟晋晋,刘花台.基于主成分-聚类分析模型的生态环境脆弱性分析:以平潭综合实验区为例.环境科学与技术,2014,37(1):179- 182.
[25] Cao C X,Yang B,Xu M,Li X W,Singh R P,Zhao X J,Chen W.Evaluation and analysis of post-seismic restoration of ecological security in Wenchuan using remote sensing and GIS.Geomatics,Natural Hazards and Risk,2016,7(6):1919- 1936.
[26] Martins V N,e Silva D S,Cabral P.Social vulnerability assessment to seismic risk using multicriteria analysis:the case study of Vila Franca do Campo (S?o Miguel Island,Azores,Portugal).Natural Hazards,2012,62(2):385- 404.
[27] Eckert S,Jelinek R,Zeug G,Krausmann E.Remote sensing-based assessment of tsunami vulnerability and risk in Alexandria,Egypt.Applied Geography,2012,32(2):714- 723.
[28] Buxton M,Haynes R,Mercer D,Butt A.Vulnerability to bushfire risk at Melbourne′s urban fringe:the failure of regulatory land use planning.Geographical Research,2011,49(1):1- 12.
[29] Qiao Z,Yang X,Liu J,Xu X L.Ecological vulnerability assessment integrating the spatial analysis technology with algorithms:a case of the wood-grass ecotone of Northeast China.Abstract and Applied Analysis,2013,2013:1- 8.
[30] 马真臻,王忠静,顾艳玲,夏婷.中国西北干旱区自然保护区生态脆弱性评价——以甘肃西湖、苏干湖自然保护区为例.中国沙漠,2015,35(1):253- 259.
[31] 王铁军,赵礼剑,张溪.青藏高原生态屏障区生态环境综合评价方法探讨.测绘通报,2018,(9):112- 116.
[32] 韦晶,郭亚敏,孙林,江涛,田信鹏,孙光德.三江源地区生态环境脆弱性评价.生态学杂志,2015,34(7):1968- 1975.
[33] Wang X D,Zhong X H,Gao P.A GIS-based decision support system for regional eco-security assessment and its application on the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Environmental Management,2010,91(10):1981- 1990.
[34] Song G D,Chen Y,Tian M R,Lv S H,Zhang S S,Liu S L.The ecological vulnerability evaluation in southwestern mountain region of China based on GIS and AHP method.Procedia Environmental Sciences,2010,2:465- 475.
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