上海辰山植物园灯诱昆虫群落结构及多样性研究
|
摘要
为考察上海辰山植物园灯诱昆虫群落结构及其多样性,应用自动虫情测报灯,于2016年4—11月和2017年的4—11月,对上海辰山植物园东、南、北三区进行灯诱监测,结果表明:灯诱昆虫群落涉及13目92科341种,其中鳞翅目、鞘翅目昆虫分别为主优势、次优势类群;植食性昆虫、害虫天敌和中性昆虫群落数量分别占总诱虫量的93. 19%、5. 40%和1. 41%;灯诱昆虫群落的优势种随时间变化而不同,优势度最高的是淡剑贪夜蛾和早熟禾拟茎草螟,其Berger-Parker优势度指数分别是0. 4134、0. 4077;诱集天敌昆虫8目19科41种;东、南、北三区的灯诱昆虫群落多样性指数大小次序为:东区(1. 147)>北区(0. 978)>南区(0. 862),其天敌亚群落多样性指数的变化趋势与灯诱昆虫的一致。研究结果可为控制上海辰山植物园有害生物、保护生物多样性以及改善生态环境提供依据。
In order to explore the structure and diversity of light-trapped insect community in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,the light trap monitoring was investigated with automatic-pest forecast lamp in East,South and North area in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden from April to November in 2016 and 2017. The results showed that the insect community was comprised of 341 species belonging to 92 families of 13 orders,in which Lepidoptera and Coleoptera was the predominant and subdominant group,respectively. Insect herbivores,natural enemies of pests and neutral insects accounted for 93. 19%,5. 40% and 1. 41% in the total trapped insects. The dominant species of trapped insect community changed with time. Berger-Parker dominance index presented that Spodoptera depravata and Parapediasia teterrella were the dominant pest species,with the highest values of 0. 4134 and 0. 4077 respectively. The trapped 41 species of natural enemies belonging to 19 families of8 orders. The order of Shannon-Wiener index was that East area (1. 147) > North area (0. 978) > South area (0. 86),and this tendency was similar to natural enemy community. In this study,we might lay the foundation of pest control,preservation of biodiversity and protection of eco-environmentin Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.
In order to explore the structure and diversity of light-trapped insect community in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,the light trap monitoring was investigated with automatic-pest forecast lamp in East,South and North area in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden from April to November in 2016 and 2017. The results showed that the insect community was comprised of 341 species belonging to 92 families of 13 orders,in which Lepidoptera and Coleoptera was the predominant and subdominant group,respectively. Insect herbivores,natural enemies of pests and neutral insects accounted for 93. 19%,5. 40% and 1. 41% in the total trapped insects. The dominant species of trapped insect community changed with time. Berger-Parker dominance index presented that Spodoptera depravata and Parapediasia teterrella were the dominant pest species,with the highest values of 0. 4134 and 0. 4077 respectively. The trapped 41 species of natural enemies belonging to 19 families of8 orders. The order of Shannon-Wiener index was that East area (1. 147) > North area (0. 978) > South area (0. 86),and this tendency was similar to natural enemy community. In this study,we might lay the foundation of pest control,preservation of biodiversity and protection of eco-environmentin Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.
引文
[1]顾国华,陈小波,韩娟,等.夜行昆虫趋光特性的研究及在害虫防治中的应用[J].金陵科技学院学报,2004,20(1):42-46.
[2]叶曙光,许方程,吴永权,等.频振式杀虫灯对蔬菜田害虫的控害效果[J].植物保护,2000,26(5):45-46.
[3]郭虹,韩献华,许志春.不同波长杀虫灯对鳞翅目害虫的诱杀效果[J].山西农业科学,2012,40(2):146-149.
[4]张治科,徐世才,杨彩霞.宁夏红枣昆虫多样性及优势种群发生动态研究[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(2):58-63.
[5]王涛.秦岭火地塘林区主要趋光性昆虫种类及种群动态的研究[J].安徽农学通报,2011,17(3):59-60.
[6]高巨虎,王桂林,李慧杰,等.自动虫情测报灯在林业害虫测报中的应用[J].中国森林病虫,2011,30(3):36-39.
[7]高燕,雷朝亮,李克斌,等.不同频振灯光源对花生田天敌昆虫的诱集作用比较[J].环境昆虫学报,2013,35(2):133-139.
[8]曹宝剑.两种太阳能诱虫灯下稻田昆虫群落和主要种数量动态的比较[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[9]顾克潇,温晓毅,范建新,等.广西巫头岛红鳞蒲桃种群花期生境昆虫的多样性[J].广西林业科学,2018,47(1):94-97.
[10]BOUCHARD P,BOUSQUET Y,DAVIES A E,et al.Family-group names in Coleoptera(Insecta)[J].Zoo Keys,2011,88:1-972.
[11]蔡邦华.昆虫分类学:修订版[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2015.
[12]王焱.上海林业病虫[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2007.
[13]虞国跃.北京蛾类图谱[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2015.
[14]蒋杰贤,严巍.城市绿地有害生物预警及控制[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2007.
[15]张巍巍,李胜元.中国昆虫生态大图鉴[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2011.
[16]虞国跃.王家园昆虫[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[17]戈峰.昆虫生态学原理与方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:254-255.
[18]高磊,章一巧,池杏珍.城市不同绿地类型节肢动物群落的组成与结构[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2006:34(2):53-57.
[19]韩宝瑜.茶园昆虫群落稳定性机制[J].茶叶科学,2000,20(1):1-4.
[20]蔡仁莲,金道超,郭建军,等.菜豆田叶螨及天敌复合生态系统群落组成及其主成分分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,52(1):249-259.
[21]王丁,刘贤谦.太谷县枣园昆虫群落结构研究报告[J].中国植保导刊,2005,25(12):5-8.
[22]徐国良,靳爱荣,杜纪壮,等.太行山区苹果园昆虫群落及其动态变化研究[J].华北农学报,2006,21(B11):156-159.
[23]蒋杰贤,万年峰,季香云,等.桃园生草对桃树节肢动物群落多样性与稳定性的影响[J].应用生态学报2011,22(9):2303-2308.
[24]刘德广,熊锦君,谭炳林,等.荔枝-牧草复合系统节肢动物群落多样性与稳定性分析[J].生态学报,2001,21(10):1596-1601.
[25]张淑莲,张锋,陈志杰,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被恢复类型昆虫群落结构及多样性的研究[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(7):1323-1328.
[26]任向辉,王运兵.应用佳多诱虫灯进行室外昆虫群落调查[J].山西农业科学,2009,37(2):60-63.
[27]赵建伟,何玉仙,翁启勇.诱虫灯在中国的应用研究概况[J].华东昆虫学报,2008,17(1):76-80.
[28]段云,刘顺通,段爱菊,等.黄色灯对金纹细蛾的防治作用[J].河南农业科学,2008(12):73-75.
[29]靖湘峰,罗峰,朱芬,等.不同光源和暗适应时间对棉铃虫蛾趋光行为的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(3):586-588.
[30]宋金东,张宏建.果园设置黑光灯防虫效果浅析[J].陕西农业科学,2010(5):119-120,132.
[31]赵利鼎,李先伟,李纪刚,等.不同诱源对梨小食心虫引诱效果的研究[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(5):51-54.
[32]王瑞,曹天文,郝丽萍,等.性诱剂与黑光灯在大田诱杀杂谷螟虫试验与应用[J].山西农业科学,2008,38(6):35-37.
[33]彭琼,卢宗荣,张友全,等.佳多智能型虫情测报灯对果园害虫监测效果研究[J].湖北林业科技,2009(6):25-28.
[34]张国彦,张跃进,苏战平,等.佳多自动虫情测报灯和普通黑光灯灯下主要害虫消长规律的比较[J].植物保护,2005,31(3):74-76.
[35]张广学,郑国,李学军,等.从保护生物多样性角度谈频振式杀虫灯的应用[J].昆虫知识,2004,41(6):532-535.
[2]叶曙光,许方程,吴永权,等.频振式杀虫灯对蔬菜田害虫的控害效果[J].植物保护,2000,26(5):45-46.
[3]郭虹,韩献华,许志春.不同波长杀虫灯对鳞翅目害虫的诱杀效果[J].山西农业科学,2012,40(2):146-149.
[4]张治科,徐世才,杨彩霞.宁夏红枣昆虫多样性及优势种群发生动态研究[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(2):58-63.
[5]王涛.秦岭火地塘林区主要趋光性昆虫种类及种群动态的研究[J].安徽农学通报,2011,17(3):59-60.
[6]高巨虎,王桂林,李慧杰,等.自动虫情测报灯在林业害虫测报中的应用[J].中国森林病虫,2011,30(3):36-39.
[7]高燕,雷朝亮,李克斌,等.不同频振灯光源对花生田天敌昆虫的诱集作用比较[J].环境昆虫学报,2013,35(2):133-139.
[8]曹宝剑.两种太阳能诱虫灯下稻田昆虫群落和主要种数量动态的比较[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[9]顾克潇,温晓毅,范建新,等.广西巫头岛红鳞蒲桃种群花期生境昆虫的多样性[J].广西林业科学,2018,47(1):94-97.
[10]BOUCHARD P,BOUSQUET Y,DAVIES A E,et al.Family-group names in Coleoptera(Insecta)[J].Zoo Keys,2011,88:1-972.
[11]蔡邦华.昆虫分类学:修订版[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2015.
[12]王焱.上海林业病虫[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2007.
[13]虞国跃.北京蛾类图谱[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2015.
[14]蒋杰贤,严巍.城市绿地有害生物预警及控制[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2007.
[15]张巍巍,李胜元.中国昆虫生态大图鉴[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2011.
[16]虞国跃.王家园昆虫[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[17]戈峰.昆虫生态学原理与方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:254-255.
[18]高磊,章一巧,池杏珍.城市不同绿地类型节肢动物群落的组成与结构[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2006:34(2):53-57.
[19]韩宝瑜.茶园昆虫群落稳定性机制[J].茶叶科学,2000,20(1):1-4.
[20]蔡仁莲,金道超,郭建军,等.菜豆田叶螨及天敌复合生态系统群落组成及其主成分分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,52(1):249-259.
[21]王丁,刘贤谦.太谷县枣园昆虫群落结构研究报告[J].中国植保导刊,2005,25(12):5-8.
[22]徐国良,靳爱荣,杜纪壮,等.太行山区苹果园昆虫群落及其动态变化研究[J].华北农学报,2006,21(B11):156-159.
[23]蒋杰贤,万年峰,季香云,等.桃园生草对桃树节肢动物群落多样性与稳定性的影响[J].应用生态学报2011,22(9):2303-2308.
[24]刘德广,熊锦君,谭炳林,等.荔枝-牧草复合系统节肢动物群落多样性与稳定性分析[J].生态学报,2001,21(10):1596-1601.
[25]张淑莲,张锋,陈志杰,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被恢复类型昆虫群落结构及多样性的研究[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(7):1323-1328.
[26]任向辉,王运兵.应用佳多诱虫灯进行室外昆虫群落调查[J].山西农业科学,2009,37(2):60-63.
[27]赵建伟,何玉仙,翁启勇.诱虫灯在中国的应用研究概况[J].华东昆虫学报,2008,17(1):76-80.
[28]段云,刘顺通,段爱菊,等.黄色灯对金纹细蛾的防治作用[J].河南农业科学,2008(12):73-75.
[29]靖湘峰,罗峰,朱芬,等.不同光源和暗适应时间对棉铃虫蛾趋光行为的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(3):586-588.
[30]宋金东,张宏建.果园设置黑光灯防虫效果浅析[J].陕西农业科学,2010(5):119-120,132.
[31]赵利鼎,李先伟,李纪刚,等.不同诱源对梨小食心虫引诱效果的研究[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(5):51-54.
[32]王瑞,曹天文,郝丽萍,等.性诱剂与黑光灯在大田诱杀杂谷螟虫试验与应用[J].山西农业科学,2008,38(6):35-37.
[33]彭琼,卢宗荣,张友全,等.佳多智能型虫情测报灯对果园害虫监测效果研究[J].湖北林业科技,2009(6):25-28.
[34]张国彦,张跃进,苏战平,等.佳多自动虫情测报灯和普通黑光灯灯下主要害虫消长规律的比较[J].植物保护,2005,31(3):74-76.
[35]张广学,郑国,李学军,等.从保护生物多样性角度谈频振式杀虫灯的应用[J].昆虫知识,2004,41(6):532-535.