不同林草复合配置对长柄扁桃林地土壤养分和酶活性的影响
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摘要
[目的]揭示不同草本植物对长柄扁桃林地土壤养分和酶活性的影响规律,为煤矿塌陷区的植被恢复与生态建设提供理论依据。[方法]以6种林草复合配置模式(沙打旺+长柄扁桃(SC)、草木樨+长柄扁桃(CC)、苜蓿+长柄扁桃(MC)、红豆草+长柄扁桃(HC)、小冠花+长柄扁桃(XC)),长柄扁桃纯林(CK))林地土壤为研究对象,采用田间小区试验方法,测定0—60 cm土壤养分和酶活性指标。[结果]①不同复合模式有机质含量比对照均显著增加,表现为:MC>CC>SC>XC>HC>CK,全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾与有机质变化趋势相似,MC,CC和SC模式增加较为明显,XC和HC模式增加较少;②除脲酶外,土壤酶活性在不同复合配置模式间差异显著,SC,CC和MC 3种模式明显优于HC和XC;③土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶与有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷呈显著正相关,脲酶与速效磷显著正相关,土壤酶活性与养分间关系紧密,可用来表征土壤改良效果。[结论]研究区选用沙打旺+长柄扁桃、草木樨+长柄扁桃、苜蓿+长柄扁桃3种林草配置模式对土壤养分积累和酶活性促进具有明显改善作用,因此选用以上3种配置模式更有利于榆林煤矿塌陷地植被恢复。
[Objective] The effects of different herbaceous plants on soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities in the Amygdalus pedunculata were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and ecological construction in the subsidence area of coal mines. [Methods] 6 kinds of forest and grass combined cropping patterns [Astragalus adsurgens+Amygdalus pedunculata(SC), Melilotus suaveolens+Amygdalus pedunculata(CC), Medicago sativa+Amygdalus pedunculata(MC), Onobrychis viciifolia+ Amygdalus pedunculata(HC), Coronilla varia+Amygdalus pedunculata(XC), Amygdalus pedunculata(CK)] were used as the research objects. The field plot test method analysis was used to determine the nutrient and soil enzyme activity index of 0—60 cm soil. [Results] ① The organic matter content of different configuration modes significantly increased compared with the control, which was characterized by MC>CC>SC>XC>HC>CK, the trends of total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter were similar, and the MC, CC and SC was more obvious, and there was a much smaller increase in HC and XC; ② In addition to urease, the soil enzyme activity was significantly different among different compound configuration modes. The three modes of MC, CC and SC were significantly better than HC and XC; ③ Soil sucrase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase positively correlated with organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus. Urease positively correlated with available phosphorus, and soil enzyme activity and nutrients were closely related. It used to characterize soil improvement effects. [Conclusion] The three forest grass configurations modes of MC, CC and SC had improved the soil nutrient accumulation and enzyme activity. The above three modes should be used to carry out certain vegetation restoration in the subsided land of Yulin coal mine.
[Objective] The effects of different herbaceous plants on soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities in the Amygdalus pedunculata were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and ecological construction in the subsidence area of coal mines. [Methods] 6 kinds of forest and grass combined cropping patterns [Astragalus adsurgens+Amygdalus pedunculata(SC), Melilotus suaveolens+Amygdalus pedunculata(CC), Medicago sativa+Amygdalus pedunculata(MC), Onobrychis viciifolia+ Amygdalus pedunculata(HC), Coronilla varia+Amygdalus pedunculata(XC), Amygdalus pedunculata(CK)] were used as the research objects. The field plot test method analysis was used to determine the nutrient and soil enzyme activity index of 0—60 cm soil. [Results] ① The organic matter content of different configuration modes significantly increased compared with the control, which was characterized by MC>CC>SC>XC>HC>CK, the trends of total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter were similar, and the MC, CC and SC was more obvious, and there was a much smaller increase in HC and XC; ② In addition to urease, the soil enzyme activity was significantly different among different compound configuration modes. The three modes of MC, CC and SC were significantly better than HC and XC; ③ Soil sucrase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase positively correlated with organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus. Urease positively correlated with available phosphorus, and soil enzyme activity and nutrients were closely related. It used to characterize soil improvement effects. [Conclusion] The three forest grass configurations modes of MC, CC and SC had improved the soil nutrient accumulation and enzyme activity. The above three modes should be used to carry out certain vegetation restoration in the subsided land of Yulin coal mine.
引文
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[5] 鲁春艳,井赵斌,冯喜兵,等.植物生长调节剂对长柄扁桃种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(5):118-125.
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[12] 王雅,刘爽,郭晋丽,等.黄土高原不同植被类型对土壤养分、酶活性及微生物的影响[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(01):62-68.
[13] 杨君珑,李小伟,曹兵,等.六盘山生态移民迁出区不同植被恢复模式对土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报:自然科学,2018,38(5):13-19.
[14] 张月萌,王倩姿,孙志梅,等.间作豆科作物对山药田土壤化学和生物学性质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(12):4071-4079.
[15] 张瑞琦,王进鑫,王秀青,等.4种草本植物浸提液对长柄扁桃种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(5):94-99.
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[18] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:中国农业出版社.1986.
[19] Fang Shengzuo,Xie Baodong,Liu Jiujun.Soil nutrient availability,poplar growth and biomass production on degraded agricultural soil under fresh grass mulch[J].Forest Ecology & Management,2008,255(5):1802-1809.
[20] 尹娜,魏天兴,张晓娟.黄土丘陵区人工林土壤养分效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(2):209-211.
[21] 赵燕娜,廖超英,李晓明.毛乌素沙地4种固沙植物根际与非根际土壤生物学特性[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(4):680-686.
[22] 刘成刚,吴永波,薛建辉,等.刺槐滇柏混交林及纯林土壤酶与养分相关性研究[J].土壤通报,2012,43(6):1427-1431.
[23] 陈彩虹,叶道碧.4种人工林土壤酶活性与养分的相关性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(6):64-68.
[24] 韩东苗,冯茂松,吴韬,等.柏木低效林改造对土壤微生物、酶活性及养分的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(5):57-62.
[25] 翟辉,张海,邱梅,等.黄土高原退耕坡地不同类型林分土壤生物学活性的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(4):33-38.
[26] 张超,刘国彬,薛萐,等.黄土丘陵区不同林龄人工刺槐林土壤酶演变特征[J].林业科学,2010,46(12):23-29.
[27] 冯金玲,郑新娟,杨志坚,等.5种栽培模式对油茶土壤微生物及酶活性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(2):10-16.
[28] 王风芹,田丽青,宋安东,等.华北刺槐林与自然恢复植被土壤微生物量碳、氮含量四季动态[J].林业科学,2015,51(3):16-24.
[29] Gong Qingli,Zhai Bingnian,Zheng Wei,et al.Effects of grass cover combined with different fertilization regimes on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in apple orchard in Weibei dryland,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(1):205-209.
[30] 桑巴叶,朱玉伟,陈启民,等.伊犁河谷不同造林模式土壤养分与酶活性的关系[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(3):228-232.
[2] 苏帅,杨永刚,黄磊.矿区生态修复过程中不同立地类型土壤水动力学特性[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(1):18-23.
[3] 田淑英,胡虹彦,秦国伟.采煤塌陷区生态修复制度优化研究:基于公共品供给效率视角[J].生态经济,2018,34(8):169-173.
[4] Lu Cairui,Li Cong,Chen Bang,et al.Composition and antioxidant,antibacterial,and anti-HepG2 cell activities of polyphenols from seed coat of Amygdalus pcdunculata Pall.[J].Food Chemistry,2018,265(6):111-113.
[5] 鲁春艳,井赵斌,冯喜兵,等.植物生长调节剂对长柄扁桃种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(5):118-125.
[6] 罗树伟,郭春会,张国庆,等.沙地植物长柄扁桃光合特性研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(1):125-132.
[7] 郭改改,封斌,麻保林,等.不同区域长柄扁桃抗旱性的研究[J].植物科学学报,2013,31(4):360-369.
[8] 符雅儒,万子俊.沙地植物柄扁桃的生物学特性及引种栽培的研究[J].西北植物学报,1996,16(5):19-23.
[9] 王昭艳,左长清,曹文洪,等.红壤丘陵区不同植被恢复模式土壤理化性质相关分析[J].土壤学报,2011,48(4):715-724.
[10] 张桂霞,杨静慧,刘艳军,等.4种乔灌组合栽植方式对盐碱地常见绿化植物生长的影响[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,38(7):82-87.
[11] 王海明,陈治谏,李贤伟,等.不同退耕还林林草模式土壤与林草间氮素变化规律研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(2):124-127.
[12] 王雅,刘爽,郭晋丽,等.黄土高原不同植被类型对土壤养分、酶活性及微生物的影响[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(01):62-68.
[13] 杨君珑,李小伟,曹兵,等.六盘山生态移民迁出区不同植被恢复模式对土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报:自然科学,2018,38(5):13-19.
[14] 张月萌,王倩姿,孙志梅,等.间作豆科作物对山药田土壤化学和生物学性质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(12):4071-4079.
[15] 张瑞琦,王进鑫,王秀青,等.4种草本植物浸提液对长柄扁桃种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(5):94-99.
[16] 张生平.对榆林市矿区生态环境恢复及发展生态产业的探讨[J].现代园艺,2012,4(20):156-156.
[17] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].第3版.北京:中国农业出版社.2000.
[18] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:中国农业出版社.1986.
[19] Fang Shengzuo,Xie Baodong,Liu Jiujun.Soil nutrient availability,poplar growth and biomass production on degraded agricultural soil under fresh grass mulch[J].Forest Ecology & Management,2008,255(5):1802-1809.
[20] 尹娜,魏天兴,张晓娟.黄土丘陵区人工林土壤养分效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(2):209-211.
[21] 赵燕娜,廖超英,李晓明.毛乌素沙地4种固沙植物根际与非根际土壤生物学特性[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(4):680-686.
[22] 刘成刚,吴永波,薛建辉,等.刺槐滇柏混交林及纯林土壤酶与养分相关性研究[J].土壤通报,2012,43(6):1427-1431.
[23] 陈彩虹,叶道碧.4种人工林土壤酶活性与养分的相关性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(6):64-68.
[24] 韩东苗,冯茂松,吴韬,等.柏木低效林改造对土壤微生物、酶活性及养分的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(5):57-62.
[25] 翟辉,张海,邱梅,等.黄土高原退耕坡地不同类型林分土壤生物学活性的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(4):33-38.
[26] 张超,刘国彬,薛萐,等.黄土丘陵区不同林龄人工刺槐林土壤酶演变特征[J].林业科学,2010,46(12):23-29.
[27] 冯金玲,郑新娟,杨志坚,等.5种栽培模式对油茶土壤微生物及酶活性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(2):10-16.
[28] 王风芹,田丽青,宋安东,等.华北刺槐林与自然恢复植被土壤微生物量碳、氮含量四季动态[J].林业科学,2015,51(3):16-24.
[29] Gong Qingli,Zhai Bingnian,Zheng Wei,et al.Effects of grass cover combined with different fertilization regimes on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in apple orchard in Weibei dryland,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(1):205-209.
[30] 桑巴叶,朱玉伟,陈启民,等.伊犁河谷不同造林模式土壤养分与酶活性的关系[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(3):228-232.