海洋酸度变化下孔石莼对农药硫丹的生态响应研究
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摘要
硫丹作为一种持久性有机氯农药,其对水生生物的毒性已引起广泛关注。本文以大型海藻孔石莼为材料,探究了海洋酸度变化下硫丹对孔石莼的生态毒理学效应。实验结果表明,低浓度硫丹对孔石莼的生长、光合色素及2种抗氧化酶均有明显的促进效应,50μg/L的硫丹促进效应最为显著,然而随着硫丹浓度的升高或暴露时间的延长,抑制作用明显增强。pH=7.9会促进孔石莼的生长,但会降低藻体内光合色素的含量。低pH环境会进一步加剧硫丹对孔石莼的毒性效应,两者的交互作用在不同时间段发挥不同的主效应。
As a persistent organochlorine pesticide,the toxicity of endosulfan on aquatic organisms has been attracted widely attention.In this paper,we studied the ecotoxicological effects of endosulfan on Ulva pertusain condition of marine acidity.The results indicated that the growth,contents of photosynthetic pigments and activities of two antioxidant enzymes of Ulva pertusa was significantly promoted by low concentrations of endosulfan.The most significant promoting effect was produced by the concentration of endosulfan of 50μg/L.However,the inhibition was significantly enhanced with the increasing of endosulfan concentrations or exposure time.The seawater with pH=7.9 could accelerate the growth of Ulva pertusa,which also result in the decrease of photosynthetic pigments concentration and further exacerbate the toxic effect of endosulfan on Ulva pertusa,while interaction factors above-mentioned exert different main effect at different times.
As a persistent organochlorine pesticide,the toxicity of endosulfan on aquatic organisms has been attracted widely attention.In this paper,we studied the ecotoxicological effects of endosulfan on Ulva pertusain condition of marine acidity.The results indicated that the growth,contents of photosynthetic pigments and activities of two antioxidant enzymes of Ulva pertusa was significantly promoted by low concentrations of endosulfan.The most significant promoting effect was produced by the concentration of endosulfan of 50μg/L.However,the inhibition was significantly enhanced with the increasing of endosulfan concentrations or exposure time.The seawater with pH=7.9 could accelerate the growth of Ulva pertusa,which also result in the decrease of photosynthetic pigments concentration and further exacerbate the toxic effect of endosulfan on Ulva pertusa,while interaction factors above-mentioned exert different main effect at different times.
引文
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[21] Prasad S M,Kumar D,Zeeshan M.Growth,photosynthesis,active oxygen species and antioxidants responses of paddy field cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanumto endosulfan stress[J].The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology,2005,51(2):115-123.
[22]沈忱.苯并[a]芘对海洋微藻毒性和生理的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.Shen C.Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene on the Toxicity and Physiology of Marine Microalgae[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2012.
[2] Kullman S W,Matsumura F.Metabolic pathways utilized by phanerochaete chrysosporium for degradation of the cyclodiene pesticide endosulfan[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1996,62(2):593-600.
[3] Weber J,Halsall C J,Muir D C G,et al.Endosulfan andγ-HCH in the Arctic:An assessment of surface seawater concentrations and air-sea exchange[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2006,40(24):7570-7576.
[4] Zhang Z L,Hong H S,Zhou J L,et al.Fate and assessment of persistent organic pollutants in water and sediment from Min Jiang River Eary,Southeast China[J].Chemosphere,2003,52:423-430.
[5] Xue N D,Xu X B,Jin Z L.Screening 31endocrine-isrupting pesticides in water and surface sediment samples from Beijing Guanting Reservoir[J].Chemosphere,2005,61:1594-1606.
[6] Li D,Liu J,Li J.Genotoxic evaluation of the insecticide endosulfan based on the induced GADD153-GFP reporter gene expression[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2011,176(1-4):251-258.
[7]张濛,周显青.硫丹对小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响[J].动物学杂志,2010,45(1):50-58.Zhang M,Zhou X Q.Effect of endosulfan on immune function of erythrocytes in mice[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2010,45(1):50-58.
[8] CHRIS N G,DIETRICH P,KNUT-ERIK T,et al.Assessing the sensitivity of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)to dietary endosulfan exposure using tissue biochemistry and histology[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2007,84(3):346-355.
[9] Ana M C,Antonio F F,Maria A R.Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus),liver morphology,CYP1A activity and thyroid hormonesafter endosulfan dietary exposure[J].Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology,2007,89(3):230-236.
[10] Bewley R D.Physiological aspects of desiccation tolerance[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,1979,20:195-238.
[11] Srivastava O P,Van Huystee P B.Evidence for close association of POD polyphenoloxidase and IAA oxidase isoenzyme of peanut suspension culture medium[J].Canadian Journal of Botany,1973,51:2207-2215.
[12]李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003:184-185.Li H S,Sun Q,Zhao S J,et al.Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiological Biochemical Experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2003:184-185.
[13] Lee K S,Park S R,Kim Y K.Effects of irradiance,temperature,and nutrients on growth dynamics of seagrasses:A review[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2007,350:144-175.
[14] Bunce J A,Growth Rate,photosynthesis and respiration in relation to Leaf Area[J].Index Annals of Botany,1989,63:459-463.
[15] Stebbing R D.Hormesis the stimulation of growth by low level so finhibitors[J].Seienee Total Environment,1982,22:213-234.
[16]刘碧云,周培疆,李佳洁,等.丙体六六六对斜生栅藻生长及光合色素和膜脂过氧化影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(1):204-207Liu B Y,Zhou P J,Li J J,et al.Effects ofγ-HCH on the grouth and photosystem and lipid peroxidation of Scenedesmus obliqnus kiitz[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2006,25(1):204-207.
[17] Alberte R S,Thornber J P,Fiscus E L.Water stress on the content and organization of chlorophyⅡin mesophyⅡand bundle sheath chloroplasts of maize[J].Plant Physiology,1997(59):351-353.
[18]唐学玺,颜挺进,李永祺.久效磷对扁藻的损伤作用I.扁藻细胞的活性氧伤害作用[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(6):627-630.Tang X X,Yan T J,Li Y Q.Damage effect of monocrotophos on Platymonas sp.Ⅰ.Active oxygen in Platymonas sp.cells[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1998,9(6):627-630.
[19] Wang X C,Zhao H M.Uptake and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Marine Seawee[J].Journal of Coastal Research,2007,50:1056-1061.
[20]王朝晖,岳文洁,康伟,等.氯氰菊酯暴露对龙须菜的胁迫影响[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(8):1658-1665.Wang Z H,Yue W J,Kang W,et al.Responses of the macroalga Gracilaria lemanei for mis to the stress of cypermethrin,apyrethroidinsecticide[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2010,30(8):1658-1665.
[21] Prasad S M,Kumar D,Zeeshan M.Growth,photosynthesis,active oxygen species and antioxidants responses of paddy field cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanumto endosulfan stress[J].The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology,2005,51(2):115-123.
[22]沈忱.苯并[a]芘对海洋微藻毒性和生理的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.Shen C.Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene on the Toxicity and Physiology of Marine Microalgae[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2012.