云南省建水县岩溶石漠化治理对策初探
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摘要
以滇东南岩溶石漠化区典型区域建水县为例,针对云南省建水县石漠化现象严重、土地瘠薄以及植被恢复困难的特点,从地貌、气候、人为活动等方面,详细探讨了建水县土地石漠化的成因,指出石漠化是由内因(自然条件如岩溶地貌、气候因素等)和外因(人为因素如毁林开荒、烧放牧场、山林火灾等)共同作用的结果。在全面总结建水县当地实施石漠化综合治理工程得失、经验和教训的基础上,分析了建水县石漠化的发生发展对生态环境、植被恢复和区域经济发展的危害,研究并提出了建水县石漠化综合治理的对策建议,旨在为我国石漠化地区的生态修复与综合治理提供一定参考。
Jianshui County is located in a typical karst rocky desertification area in southeastern Yunnan Province. The problems of rocky desertification, barren soil and difficult vegetation restoration widely existed in Jianshui County. This paper discussed the mechanism of rocky desertification from the aspects of landform, climate and human activities. We pointed out that the internal causes of rocky desertification were mainly karst landform, climate factors, and human factors such as deforestation and reclamation, burning grazing land, forest fires, etc.Based on the gains and losses, and experiences of the comprehensive control project of rocky desertification in Jianshui County, this research analyzed the rocky desertification impacts on the ecological environment, vegetation restoration and economical development in Jianshui county. We put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the control of rocky desertification areas in Jianshui County. The results could provide some references to the ecological restoration and management in the rocky desertification area.
Jianshui County is located in a typical karst rocky desertification area in southeastern Yunnan Province. The problems of rocky desertification, barren soil and difficult vegetation restoration widely existed in Jianshui County. This paper discussed the mechanism of rocky desertification from the aspects of landform, climate and human activities. We pointed out that the internal causes of rocky desertification were mainly karst landform, climate factors, and human factors such as deforestation and reclamation, burning grazing land, forest fires, etc.Based on the gains and losses, and experiences of the comprehensive control project of rocky desertification in Jianshui County, this research analyzed the rocky desertification impacts on the ecological environment, vegetation restoration and economical development in Jianshui county. We put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the control of rocky desertification areas in Jianshui County. The results could provide some references to the ecological restoration and management in the rocky desertification area.
引文
[1] 王世杰.喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨[J].中国岩溶,2002,21(2):31-35.
[2] 王礼先,周金星.关于荒漠化、沙漠化、风沙化和沙化的概念[J].科技术语研究,2000(4):23-31.
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[4] 袁道先.岩溶石漠化问题的全球视野和我国的治理对策与经验[J].草业科学,2008,25(9):19-25.
[5] 曹建华,袁道先,童立强.中国西南岩溶生态系统特征与石漠化综合治理对策[J].草业科学,2008,25(9):40-50.
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[7] 熊康宁,李晋,龙明忠.典型喀斯特石漠化治理区水土流失特征与关键问题[J].地理学报,2012,67(7):878-888.
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[11] 易贤军,刘思凡,马丰丰,等.吉首市岩溶区石漠化变化特征[J].湖南林业科技,2018,45(2):51-56.
[12] 曹建华,邓艳,杨慧,等.喀斯特断陷盆地石漠化演变及治理技术与示范[J].生态学报,2016,36(22):7103-7108.
[13] 王宇,张华,张贵,等.喀斯特断陷盆地环境地质分区及功能[J].中国岩溶,2017,36(3):283-295.
[14] 张劲勇.云南建水县土石坝水库渗漏原因及防渗措施[J].云南地质,2016,35(1):124-129.
[15] 陆素娟,李增云,张元彬,等.滇东南干热地区的植被新类型——偏干性常绿阔叶林和细叶云南松林[J].广西林业科学,2000,29(1):17-21.
[16] 李萍.建水县石漠化的成因与治理措施浅析[J].林业建设,2015(3):46-49.
[17] 王学武,李炼鹏,廖志凯.云南建水县普雄地区三叠纪岩石地层与沉积环境[J].云南地质,2018,37(2):127-131.
[18] 孙永磊,周金星,庞丹波,等.喀斯特断陷盆地不同植被恢复模式土壤水分动态变化[J].林业科学研究,2018,31(4):104-112.
[19] 谭刚.个旧锡业开发与生态环境变迁(1890-1949)[J].中国历史地理论丛书,2010,25(1):16-25.
[20] 黄春良,陈强.半干旱暖热石漠化地区白枪杆造林技术[J].林业实用技术,2014(12):20-22.
[21] 郭红艳,周金星,唐夫凯,等.西南岩溶石漠化地区贫困与反贫困策略研究—以关岭县三家寨村为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(S1):326-329.
[2] 王礼先,周金星.关于荒漠化、沙漠化、风沙化和沙化的概念[J].科技术语研究,2000(4):23-31.
[3] 王德炉,朱守谦,黄宝龙.石漠化的概念及其内涵[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(6):87-90.
[4] 袁道先.岩溶石漠化问题的全球视野和我国的治理对策与经验[J].草业科学,2008,25(9):19-25.
[5] 曹建华,袁道先,童立强.中国西南岩溶生态系统特征与石漠化综合治理对策[J].草业科学,2008,25(9):40-50.
[6] 王世杰,李阳兵,李瑞玲.喀斯特石漠化的形成背景、演化与治理[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(6),657-666.
[7] 熊康宁,李晋,龙明忠.典型喀斯特石漠化治理区水土流失特征与关键问题[J].地理学报,2012,67(7):878-888.
[8] 秦平书.石漠化对马尾松幼林生长的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2015,42(6):82-85.
[9] 吴协保,孙继霖,林琼,等.我国西南岩溶石漠化土地生态建设分区治理思路与途径探讨[J].中国岩溶,2009,28(4):391-396.
[10] 吴协保.继续推进岩溶地区石漠化综合治理二期工程的现实意义[J].中国岩溶,2016,35(5):469-475.
[11] 易贤军,刘思凡,马丰丰,等.吉首市岩溶区石漠化变化特征[J].湖南林业科技,2018,45(2):51-56.
[12] 曹建华,邓艳,杨慧,等.喀斯特断陷盆地石漠化演变及治理技术与示范[J].生态学报,2016,36(22):7103-7108.
[13] 王宇,张华,张贵,等.喀斯特断陷盆地环境地质分区及功能[J].中国岩溶,2017,36(3):283-295.
[14] 张劲勇.云南建水县土石坝水库渗漏原因及防渗措施[J].云南地质,2016,35(1):124-129.
[15] 陆素娟,李增云,张元彬,等.滇东南干热地区的植被新类型——偏干性常绿阔叶林和细叶云南松林[J].广西林业科学,2000,29(1):17-21.
[16] 李萍.建水县石漠化的成因与治理措施浅析[J].林业建设,2015(3):46-49.
[17] 王学武,李炼鹏,廖志凯.云南建水县普雄地区三叠纪岩石地层与沉积环境[J].云南地质,2018,37(2):127-131.
[18] 孙永磊,周金星,庞丹波,等.喀斯特断陷盆地不同植被恢复模式土壤水分动态变化[J].林业科学研究,2018,31(4):104-112.
[19] 谭刚.个旧锡业开发与生态环境变迁(1890-1949)[J].中国历史地理论丛书,2010,25(1):16-25.
[20] 黄春良,陈强.半干旱暖热石漠化地区白枪杆造林技术[J].林业实用技术,2014(12):20-22.
[21] 郭红艳,周金星,唐夫凯,等.西南岩溶石漠化地区贫困与反贫困策略研究—以关岭县三家寨村为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(S1):326-329.