甘蓝型油菜发芽期低温耐性的评价与材料筛选
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摘要
为建立甘蓝型油菜发芽期低温耐性的鉴定及评价方法,筛选强耐低温材料,分别在22℃和9℃对66份材料进行发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数以及平均发芽时间的考察,利用隶属函数法进行综合评价,并通过聚类分析划分材料的低温耐性等级。结果表明:9℃低温会降低发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数,延长发芽时间。不同类型的品种间耐低温程度差异明显:中部品种的耐低温能力高于北部品种,半冬性性品种的耐低温能力高于春性品种与冬性品种,常规种的耐低温能力高于杂交种。单一指标与综合隶属函数值对品种的耐低温评价结果基本一致。筛选出极端耐低温品种H5(秦油8号×e6013)和敏感品种S10(汇丰一号)。
To establish evaluation method for low temperature tolerance of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) at germination stage, 66 rapeseed lines were investigated under the conditions of 22°C and 9°C. The parameters including germination potential, germination rate, germination index and mean germination time were investigated. After evaluation, materials were categorized by cluster analysis into different low temperature tolerance grades. The results showed that 9°C(low temperature) decreased germination potential, germination rate and germination index, it also prolonged germination time. The materials' temperature tolerances were obvious among types: materials from midland were more tolerant than those from north, semi-winter-type lines were more tolerant than spring-and wintertype materials, conventional varieties were more tolerant than hybrids. The evaluation results from single indicators were consistent with those from comprehensive membership values. Among the 66 materials, H5(hybrid of Qinyou8 × e6013) was the extremely low-temperature-resistant variety, and S10(Huifeng 1) was the sensitive one.
To establish evaluation method for low temperature tolerance of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) at germination stage, 66 rapeseed lines were investigated under the conditions of 22°C and 9°C. The parameters including germination potential, germination rate, germination index and mean germination time were investigated. After evaluation, materials were categorized by cluster analysis into different low temperature tolerance grades. The results showed that 9°C(low temperature) decreased germination potential, germination rate and germination index, it also prolonged germination time. The materials' temperature tolerances were obvious among types: materials from midland were more tolerant than those from north, semi-winter-type lines were more tolerant than spring-and wintertype materials, conventional varieties were more tolerant than hybrids. The evaluation results from single indicators were consistent with those from comprehensive membership values. Among the 66 materials, H5(hybrid of Qinyou8 × e6013) was the extremely low-temperature-resistant variety, and S10(Huifeng 1) was the sensitive one.
引文
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[22]于延球,杨谦.赤霉素处理对西瓜种子发芽率的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(6):2422,2428.
[23]胡鸣,姚圣黎,程晓晖,等.基于高深度重测序的春性、半冬性和冬性甘蓝型油菜基因组遗传变异分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2018,40(4):469-478.
[24]闫蕾,蔡俊松,高立兵,黄斌,马海清.甘蓝型油菜抗寒性鉴定方法的建立和种质资源筛选[J].中国油料作物学报,2018,40(1):74-83.
[25]许晶,曾柳,徐明月,等.油菜耐渍性种质资源筛选与评价[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(6):748-754.
[2]鲜孟筑,杨萍,胡立勇,等.油菜种子萌发成苗期耐低温性评价[J].作物杂志,2015(5):116-122.
[3]杨萍,鲜孟筑,胡立勇,等.低温胁迫对油菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(6):7-13.
[4]徐恒恒,黎妮,刘树君,等.种子萌发及其调控的研究进展[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1141-1156.
[5]杜尧东,段世萍,陈新光,等.低温对番茄种子萌发的影响[J].中国农业气象,2010,31(4):541-545.
[6]李合生.油菜种子萌发生理的研究[J].植物生理学通讯,1981,17(4):21-25.
[7]于伟,刘卫东,柳李旺,等.隶属函数法对12个茄种幼苗期耐盐性的筛选与鉴定[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(11):228-230.
[8]李波,高云鹏,徐艳霞. 91份玉米自交系种子耐低温等级的评价[J].种子,2016,35(12):74-77.
[9]雷雨婷,吕立堂,赵德刚.应用隶属函数法筛选贵州玉米苗期抗寒种质[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(2):35-39.
[10]王道杰,桂月靖,杨翠玲,等.油菜抗旱性及鉴定方法与指标Ⅲ.油菜苗期抗旱性及鉴定指标筛选[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(5):108-113.
[11]桂月晶.油菜抗旱指标筛选及抗旱相关基因的表达分析[D].开封:河南大学,2011.
[12] Nykiforuk C L,Johnson-Flanagan A M. Germination and early seedling development under low temperature in canola[J]. Crop Sci,1994,34(4):1047.
[13] Nykiforuk C L,Johnson-Flanagan A M. Storage reserve mobilization during low temperature germination and early seedling growth in Brassica napus[J]. Plant Physiol Biochem,1999,37(12):939-947.
[14]刘姗姗,杨特武,黄海东,等.吸胀期低温与水分条件对油菜种子萌发的耦合效应[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(1):44-50.
[15]张卫星,赵致,柏光晓,等.不同基因型玉米自交系的抗旱性研究与评价[J].玉米科学,2007,15(5):6-11.
[16]徐建伟,张晨,曾晓燕,等.近十年新疆北疆主栽棉花种子低温萌发能力差异评价[J].新疆农业科学,2017,54(9):1569-1578.
[17]刘禹辰,杨德光,李梁,等.低温胁迫对玉米种子萌发及淀粉分解酶类活性的影响[J].玉米科学,2018,26(1):64-68.
[18]杨娜,赵和平,葛风伟,等. 2种独行菜萌发对低温胁迫的生理响应[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(4):760-765.
[19]蒋莉莉.低温胁迫对西瓜种子萌发的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[20]姚明华,徐跃进.茄子种质资源的耐冷性鉴定[J].植物遗传资源科学,2001,2(4):49-52,63.
[21]丁广洲,陈丽,赵春雷,等.甜菜耐低温种质筛选和苗期耐冷性鉴定[J].种子,2013,32(8):1-6.
[22]于延球,杨谦.赤霉素处理对西瓜种子发芽率的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(6):2422,2428.
[23]胡鸣,姚圣黎,程晓晖,等.基于高深度重测序的春性、半冬性和冬性甘蓝型油菜基因组遗传变异分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2018,40(4):469-478.
[24]闫蕾,蔡俊松,高立兵,黄斌,马海清.甘蓝型油菜抗寒性鉴定方法的建立和种质资源筛选[J].中国油料作物学报,2018,40(1):74-83.
[25]许晶,曾柳,徐明月,等.油菜耐渍性种质资源筛选与评价[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(6):748-754.