雅江中游河谷地带土壤抗蚀性研究
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摘要
本研究旨在研究雅江中游河谷土壤抗蚀性的空间差异性。以雅江中游河谷地带典型样地0～20 cm土壤为研究对象,采用ANOVA显著性分析和主成分分析方法,对雅江中上游河谷地带土壤的机械组成、有机质含量、团聚体含量以及土壤容重进行研究。结果表明:土壤有机质含量、团聚体含量状况是评价雅江中上游流域土壤抗蚀性强弱的最佳指标;不同河谷地区的土壤抗蚀性强弱差异显著;有机质与水稳性指数和水稳性团聚体均呈不显著正相关关系(P>0.05),与容重和结构破坏率均呈不显著负相关(P>0.05),而容重与结构破坏率呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。植被覆盖度、人为干扰因素是导致土壤抗蚀性空间差异的重要原因,因此可以采取措施增加地被物覆盖度、减少人为破坏,增强土壤的抗蚀性,改善雅江中游流域的水土流失现状。
The purpose of this study was to research the spatial difference of soil antierodibility in the valley of Yarlung Zangbo River. In this paper,the 0～20cm soil in the typical plot of the middle reaches of the Yajiang River was used as the research object.The ANOVA significance analysis and principal component analysis method were used to analyze the mechanical composition, organic matter content,aggregate content and soil bulk density. The results showed that soil organic matter content and aggregate content were the best indicators for evaluating the soil antierodibility, and there were significant differences in soil antierodibility in different valley areas.The antierodibility of different soils was:YD-3>YD-1>YD-4>YD-2.There was no significant positive correlation between organic matter,water stability index and water-stable aggregates(P >0.05), and there was no significant negative correlation with bulk density and structural failure rate(P>0.05), but bulk density was significantly positively correlated with structural failure rate(P<0.05). In conclusion, vegetation coverage and human disturbance are important reasons for the spatial difference of soil erosion resistance.Therefore,corresponding measures should be taken to increase the coverage of ground cover and reduce man-made destruction to enhance soil corrosion resistance and improve current status of soil erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the basin of Yarlung Zangbo River.
The purpose of this study was to research the spatial difference of soil antierodibility in the valley of Yarlung Zangbo River. In this paper,the 0～20cm soil in the typical plot of the middle reaches of the Yajiang River was used as the research object.The ANOVA significance analysis and principal component analysis method were used to analyze the mechanical composition, organic matter content,aggregate content and soil bulk density. The results showed that soil organic matter content and aggregate content were the best indicators for evaluating the soil antierodibility, and there were significant differences in soil antierodibility in different valley areas.The antierodibility of different soils was:YD-3>YD-1>YD-4>YD-2.There was no significant positive correlation between organic matter,water stability index and water-stable aggregates(P >0.05), and there was no significant negative correlation with bulk density and structural failure rate(P>0.05), but bulk density was significantly positively correlated with structural failure rate(P<0.05). In conclusion, vegetation coverage and human disturbance are important reasons for the spatial difference of soil erosion resistance.Therefore,corresponding measures should be taken to increase the coverage of ground cover and reduce man-made destruction to enhance soil corrosion resistance and improve current status of soil erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the basin of Yarlung Zangbo River.
引文
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[15]成艳红,黄欠如,钟义军,熊春贵,武琳孙永明.种植苎麻对南方坡耕地土壤抗蚀性的影响[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(05):1-5.
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[3]丛日亮,黄进,张金池等.苏南丘陵区主要林分类型土壤抗蚀性分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(8):1862-1867.
[4]史长婷,王恩姮,陈祥伟.典型黑土区水土保持林对土壤可蚀性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(3):25-28.
[5]周刚,赵辉,陈国玉等.花岗岩红壤区不同地类土壤抗蚀性分异规律研究[J].中国水土保持,2008,2008(9):27-29.
[6]沈渭涛,李海东.雅鲁藏布江流域风沙化土地遥感监测与生态恢复[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012:4-14.
[7]白秀梅,韩有志,郭汉清.关帝山不同植被恢复类型土壤抗蚀性研究[J].水土保持学报, 2014,28(2):79-84.
[8]刘旦旦.广义土壤结构与土壤抗侵蚀性耦合关系研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学.2013.
[9]艾海舰.土壤持水性及孔性的影响因素浅析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2002,20(3):75-77.
[10]金玲.林地土壤容重测定方法的改进[J].中国科技纵横,2016(6).
[11]杨玉盛,何宗明,林光耀等.不同治理模式对严重退化红壤抗蚀性影响的研究[J].水土保持学报,1996,2(2):32-37.
[12]沈慧,姜凤岐,杜晓军等.水土保持林土壤抗蚀性能评价研究[J].应用生态学报,2000, 11(3):345-348.
[13]刘效雨,刘益军.火灾对毛竹林地土壤抗蚀性与渗透性的影响[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007, 32(6):114-118.
[14]张金池,陈三雄,刘道平等.浙江安吉主要植被类型土壤抗蚀性指标筛选及评价模型构建[J].亚热带水土保持,2006,18(2):1-5.
[15]成艳红,黄欠如,钟义军,熊春贵,武琳孙永明.种植苎麻对南方坡耕地土壤抗蚀性的影响[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(05):1-5.