沙地濒危植物长柄扁桃生物学特性与抗逆性及应用综述
|
摘要
揭示长柄扁桃生物学特性与抗逆性机理并提高其在荒漠化治理中的生态效益和经济效益,是实现西北旱区荒漠化治理可持续发展和提升生态脆弱区生态系统服务功能面临的重要科学问题。本文回顾了长柄扁桃研究所取得的进展,包括建立了长柄扁桃快速育苗和无灌溉水栽培技术,揭示了不同地区长柄扁桃生长规律及其对逆境的适应性,推进了长柄扁桃在荒漠化治理中的应用及其产品开发等;在此基础上,提出了长柄扁桃研究面临的机遇和挑战,包括长柄扁桃的适生土壤类型与耗水量,不同地区长柄扁桃的合理种植密度及其调控和管理措施,长柄扁桃抗逆性机理及其产品开发与高值综合利用等,以期为我国在西北地区推广和建设长柄扁桃林、优化水土资源管理和提高脆弱生态系统的服务功能提供科学依据。
Understanding the biological characteristics and abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms of Amygdalus pedunculata and increasing the ecological and economic benefits during its use for desertification control are important issues for achieving sustainable desertification control and improving ecosystem service function in the ecologically vulnerable areas. This paper reviews the recent progresses in the research of Amygdalus pedunculata, which include the development of technique in rapid seedling and cultivation without irrigation water, the studies of the characteristics of growth and adaptability to stress in different regions, and the promotion of the application of Amygdalus pedunculata in desertification control and its product development.Based on the previous achievements, we put forward the opportunities and challenges of research on Amygdalus pedunculata. The recommendations for future studies include the suitable soil types for Amygdalus pedunculata growth and the assessment of its water consumption, the optimum planting densities of Amygdalus pedunculata in different regions and the required management practices, the abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms of Amygdalus pedunculata and its product development and high value utilization. These research topics are of importance to the spread and construction of Amygdalus pedunculata forest, optimize the management of water and soil resources, and improve the ecosystem service function in fragile Northwest China.
Understanding the biological characteristics and abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms of Amygdalus pedunculata and increasing the ecological and economic benefits during its use for desertification control are important issues for achieving sustainable desertification control and improving ecosystem service function in the ecologically vulnerable areas. This paper reviews the recent progresses in the research of Amygdalus pedunculata, which include the development of technique in rapid seedling and cultivation without irrigation water, the studies of the characteristics of growth and adaptability to stress in different regions, and the promotion of the application of Amygdalus pedunculata in desertification control and its product development.Based on the previous achievements, we put forward the opportunities and challenges of research on Amygdalus pedunculata. The recommendations for future studies include the suitable soil types for Amygdalus pedunculata growth and the assessment of its water consumption, the optimum planting densities of Amygdalus pedunculata in different regions and the required management practices, the abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms of Amygdalus pedunculata and its product development and high value utilization. These research topics are of importance to the spread and construction of Amygdalus pedunculata forest, optimize the management of water and soil resources, and improve the ecosystem service function in fragile Northwest China.
引文
[1]国家林业局.中国荒漠化和沙化状况公报[EB/OL].2015-12-29.http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/69/content-831684.html
[2]Han Z W,Wang T,Sun Q W,et al.Sand harm in Taklimakan desert highway and sand control[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2003,13(1):45-53
[3]蒋德明,宗文君,李雪华,等.科尔沁西部地区荒漠化土地植被恢复技术研究[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(3):243-248
[4]Wang G Q,Wang X B,Li Q.Desertification and its mitigation strategy in China[J].Journal of Resources and Ecology,2012,3(2):97-104
[5]侯庆春,黄旭,韩仕峰,等.黄土高原地区小老树成因及其改造途径的研究-Ⅲ:小老树的成因及其改造途径[J].水土保持学报,1991(4):75-83
[6]Yang X H,Li C,Zhang K B.Artificial woodland degradation in semi-arid agro-pastoral transitional area:conceptual model and status assessment[J].Journal of Forestry Research,2006,17(3):193-196
[7]张应龙,申烨华,郭春会,等.长柄扁桃在治沙固沙中的应用:中国,CN101485274[P].2009-07-22
[8]李聪,李国平,陈俏,等.长柄扁桃油脂肪酸成分分析[J].中国油脂,2010,35(4):77-79
[9]Chu J M,Xu X Q,Zhang Y L.Production and properties of biodiesel produced from Amygdalus pedunculate[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,134(4):374-376
[10]郭春会,罗梦,马玉华,等.沙地濒危植物长柄扁桃特性研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(12):125-129
[11]苏贵兴,姚玉卿.我国的野生扁桃资源[J].野生植物研究,1983(2):7-11
[12]姬钟亮,钱安东.长柄扁桃和蒙古扁桃在我国自然分布区的调查[J].中国果树,1981(2):38-40
[13]龚子同,张甘霖,陈志诚.土壤发生与系统分类[M].北京:科学出版社,2007
[14]赵一之.内蒙古珍稀濒危植物图谱[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1992
[15]李登武,党坤良,温仲明,等.黄土高原地区种子植物区系中的珍稀濒危植物研究[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(13):2321-2328
[16]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
[17]罗树伟,郭春会,张国庆.神木与杨凌地区长柄扁桃光合与生物学特性比较[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(5):196-202
[18]罗树伟,郭春会,张国庆,等.沙地植物长柄扁桃光合特性研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,38(1):125-132
[19]尚宗燕,苏贵兴.我国扁桃属植物的染色体数[J].植物科学学报,1985,3(4):363-366
[20]郭改改,封斌,麻保林,等.不同区域长柄扁桃抗旱性的研究[J].植物科学学报,2013,31(4):360-369
[21]郭改改,封斌,麻保林,等.不同区域长柄扁桃叶片解剖结构及其抗旱性分析[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(4):720-728
[22]郑松州,汪季,张利文,等.科尔沁沙地几种经济植物耗水特征研究[J].北方园艺,2013(16):64-68
[23]罗梦,郭春会,马小卫.水分胁迫对长柄扁桃叶片含水量及保护酶活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2006,24(6):103-106
[24]符雅儒,万子俊.沙地植物柄扁桃的生物学特性及引种栽培的研究[J].西北植物学报,1996,16(5):19-23
[25]刘美芹,卢存福,尹伟伦.珍稀濒危植物沙冬青生物学特性及抗逆性研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(3):384-388
[26]徐呈祥.提高植物抗寒性的机理研究进展[J].生态学报,2012,32(24):7966-7980
[27]蒋宝,郭春会,梅立新,等.沙地植物长柄扁桃抗寒性的研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(5):92-96
[28]张笑颜,朱立新,贾克功.5种核果类果树的耐盐性与抗盐性分析[J].北京农学院学报,2008,23(2):19-23
[29]罗凤敏,张利文,高永,等.科尔沁沙地幼龄长柄扁桃生长特性对施肥的响应[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(6):87-92
[30]常庆瑞,安韶山,刘京,等.陕北农牧交错带土地荒漠化本质特性研究[J].土壤学报,2003,40(4):518-523
[31]王燕,魏蔚,董发昕,等.长柄扁桃仁的营养成分分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(1):59-62
[32]李冰,李洋,许宁侠,等.氯化锌活化法制备长柄扁桃壳活性炭[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2010,40(5):806-810
[33]藏小妹,陈邦,李聪,等.长柄扁桃种仁蛋白粉的提取方法研究[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2012,42(6):940-944
[34]刘凯,高磊,彭新华,等.半干旱区科尔沁沙地土壤水分时空特征研究[J].土壤,2015,47(4):765-772
[35]吕贻忠,胡克林,李保国.毛乌素沙地不同沙丘土壤水分时空变异[J].土壤学报,2006,43(1):152-154
[36]董锡文,张晓珂,姜思维,等.科尔沁沙地固定沙丘土壤氮素空间分布特征研究[J].土壤,2010,42(1):76-81
[2]Han Z W,Wang T,Sun Q W,et al.Sand harm in Taklimakan desert highway and sand control[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2003,13(1):45-53
[3]蒋德明,宗文君,李雪华,等.科尔沁西部地区荒漠化土地植被恢复技术研究[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(3):243-248
[4]Wang G Q,Wang X B,Li Q.Desertification and its mitigation strategy in China[J].Journal of Resources and Ecology,2012,3(2):97-104
[5]侯庆春,黄旭,韩仕峰,等.黄土高原地区小老树成因及其改造途径的研究-Ⅲ:小老树的成因及其改造途径[J].水土保持学报,1991(4):75-83
[6]Yang X H,Li C,Zhang K B.Artificial woodland degradation in semi-arid agro-pastoral transitional area:conceptual model and status assessment[J].Journal of Forestry Research,2006,17(3):193-196
[7]张应龙,申烨华,郭春会,等.长柄扁桃在治沙固沙中的应用:中国,CN101485274[P].2009-07-22
[8]李聪,李国平,陈俏,等.长柄扁桃油脂肪酸成分分析[J].中国油脂,2010,35(4):77-79
[9]Chu J M,Xu X Q,Zhang Y L.Production and properties of biodiesel produced from Amygdalus pedunculate[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,134(4):374-376
[10]郭春会,罗梦,马玉华,等.沙地濒危植物长柄扁桃特性研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(12):125-129
[11]苏贵兴,姚玉卿.我国的野生扁桃资源[J].野生植物研究,1983(2):7-11
[12]姬钟亮,钱安东.长柄扁桃和蒙古扁桃在我国自然分布区的调查[J].中国果树,1981(2):38-40
[13]龚子同,张甘霖,陈志诚.土壤发生与系统分类[M].北京:科学出版社,2007
[14]赵一之.内蒙古珍稀濒危植物图谱[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1992
[15]李登武,党坤良,温仲明,等.黄土高原地区种子植物区系中的珍稀濒危植物研究[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(13):2321-2328
[16]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
[17]罗树伟,郭春会,张国庆.神木与杨凌地区长柄扁桃光合与生物学特性比较[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(5):196-202
[18]罗树伟,郭春会,张国庆,等.沙地植物长柄扁桃光合特性研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,38(1):125-132
[19]尚宗燕,苏贵兴.我国扁桃属植物的染色体数[J].植物科学学报,1985,3(4):363-366
[20]郭改改,封斌,麻保林,等.不同区域长柄扁桃抗旱性的研究[J].植物科学学报,2013,31(4):360-369
[21]郭改改,封斌,麻保林,等.不同区域长柄扁桃叶片解剖结构及其抗旱性分析[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(4):720-728
[22]郑松州,汪季,张利文,等.科尔沁沙地几种经济植物耗水特征研究[J].北方园艺,2013(16):64-68
[23]罗梦,郭春会,马小卫.水分胁迫对长柄扁桃叶片含水量及保护酶活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2006,24(6):103-106
[24]符雅儒,万子俊.沙地植物柄扁桃的生物学特性及引种栽培的研究[J].西北植物学报,1996,16(5):19-23
[25]刘美芹,卢存福,尹伟伦.珍稀濒危植物沙冬青生物学特性及抗逆性研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(3):384-388
[26]徐呈祥.提高植物抗寒性的机理研究进展[J].生态学报,2012,32(24):7966-7980
[27]蒋宝,郭春会,梅立新,等.沙地植物长柄扁桃抗寒性的研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(5):92-96
[28]张笑颜,朱立新,贾克功.5种核果类果树的耐盐性与抗盐性分析[J].北京农学院学报,2008,23(2):19-23
[29]罗凤敏,张利文,高永,等.科尔沁沙地幼龄长柄扁桃生长特性对施肥的响应[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(6):87-92
[30]常庆瑞,安韶山,刘京,等.陕北农牧交错带土地荒漠化本质特性研究[J].土壤学报,2003,40(4):518-523
[31]王燕,魏蔚,董发昕,等.长柄扁桃仁的营养成分分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(1):59-62
[32]李冰,李洋,许宁侠,等.氯化锌活化法制备长柄扁桃壳活性炭[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2010,40(5):806-810
[33]藏小妹,陈邦,李聪,等.长柄扁桃种仁蛋白粉的提取方法研究[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2012,42(6):940-944
[34]刘凯,高磊,彭新华,等.半干旱区科尔沁沙地土壤水分时空特征研究[J].土壤,2015,47(4):765-772
[35]吕贻忠,胡克林,李保国.毛乌素沙地不同沙丘土壤水分时空变异[J].土壤学报,2006,43(1):152-154
[36]董锡文,张晓珂,姜思维,等.科尔沁沙地固定沙丘土壤氮素空间分布特征研究[J].土壤,2010,42(1):76-81