机械镇压对旺长麦田小麦株高及产量的影响
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摘要
为探讨机械镇压对小麦生长发育及产量的影响,本试验在济麦22旺长麦田进行了机械镇压处理,研究镇压对株高及其相关性状和产量的影响。结果表明,起身期对旺长麦苗镇压可以较对照(未镇压)降低株高4.76 cm,降幅5.61%。镇压对基部3个节间长影响较大,对穗长和穗下第一、第二节间长度影响较小;与未镇压相比,基部3个节间干重降低,降幅与相应节间缩短幅度相当,其直径和壁厚较对照减少;基部第一节间抗折力提高13.51%,第二、第三节间和对照相当。机械镇压处理单产达10 234.5 kg/hm~2,较对照增加5.78%;穗数增加13.65万/hm~2,穗粒数增加0.79粒,千粒重增加0.34 g,分别较对照增加2.00%、2.25%和0.8%。
In order to investigate the effect of mechanical rolling on the growth and development and yield of wheat, this experiment was carried out by self-propelled roller in the field of Jimai 22, and the plant height and other related traits and yield were analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control(non rolling) at setting stage, the rolling treatment could reduce plant height by 4.76 cm, and the decreasing amplitude was 5.61%. The rolling treatment had greater effects on the length of three internodes at the base and less effects on the length of panicle and the first and second internodes next ear. The dry weight of the three internodes at the base decreased by the same extent as that of the corresponding internode length, and the diameter and wall thickness were smaller than the control. The flexural strength of the first node at the base increased by 13.51%, however, the second and the third internodes were the same as the control. The per unit yield of mechanical rolling treatment reached 10 234.5 kg/hm~2,which increased by 5.78% compared with the control. The number of ears increased by 136 500 per hectare, the number of grains per ear increased by 0.79, and the weight of 1 000 grains increased by 0.34 g, which were 2.00%, 2.25% and 0.8% higher than those of the non rolling treatment, respectively.
In order to investigate the effect of mechanical rolling on the growth and development and yield of wheat, this experiment was carried out by self-propelled roller in the field of Jimai 22, and the plant height and other related traits and yield were analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control(non rolling) at setting stage, the rolling treatment could reduce plant height by 4.76 cm, and the decreasing amplitude was 5.61%. The rolling treatment had greater effects on the length of three internodes at the base and less effects on the length of panicle and the first and second internodes next ear. The dry weight of the three internodes at the base decreased by the same extent as that of the corresponding internode length, and the diameter and wall thickness were smaller than the control. The flexural strength of the first node at the base increased by 13.51%, however, the second and the third internodes were the same as the control. The per unit yield of mechanical rolling treatment reached 10 234.5 kg/hm~2,which increased by 5.78% compared with the control. The number of ears increased by 136 500 per hectare, the number of grains per ear increased by 0.79, and the weight of 1 000 grains increased by 0.34 g, which were 2.00%, 2.25% and 0.8% higher than those of the non rolling treatment, respectively.
引文
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[2] 王立双. 小麦春季管理技术[J]. 现代农村科技,2016(13):15.
[3] 陈襄礼,李林峰,王重锋,等. 小麦倒春寒发生特点及防御措施初探[J]. 河南农业科学,2014,43(2):35-37,42.
[4] 王永江,金海峰,刘煜忠,等. 冬小麦早春冻害的预防与补救[J]. 河北农业,2015(3):6.
[5] 张胜爱,郝秀钗,崔爱珍,等. 不同播种措施对河北冬小麦产量影响研究[J]. 中国农学通报,2013,29(15):98-102.
[6] 党红凯,曹彩云,郑春莲,等. 造墒与播后镇压对小麦冬前耗水和生长发育的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(8):1071-1079.
[7] 孙岩,张宏纪,辛文利,等. 苗期镇压与矮壮素结合处理对小麦生育及其基部节生长的影响[J]. 黑龙江农业科学,2013(2):14-16.
[8] 黄迎光,郑以宏,袁永胜,等. 倒伏时期和倒伏程度对小麦产量的影响[J]. 山东农业科学,2014,46(6):51-53,58.