异色瓢虫对紫薇长斑蚜捕食及控制作用研究
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摘要
为明确异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis对紫薇长斑蚜Tinocallis kahawaluokalani的捕食能力,通过室内试验测定异色瓢虫成虫对紫薇长斑蚜的捕食功能。结果表明:异色瓢虫成虫对紫薇长斑蚜的捕食功能符合HollingⅡ反应模型,方程式为Na=0.987 5N/(1+0.005 43N),瞬时攻击率为0.987 5,处置时间为0.005 5 d;通过Hassell和Valley干扰模型拟合,得到捕食作用率E与猎物密度P的关系为E=0.542P~(-0.809),捕食常数为0.542,干扰系数为0.809;通过对Holling反应新模型进行拟合,方程式为Na=127.99exp(-61.55/N),最佳寻找密度为61.55头。田间试验表明释放异色瓢虫成虫能有效控制紫薇长斑蚜密度,其中瓢蚜比1:20和1:10的防治效果基本相同,而1:40的防治效果在短期内(7 d)不如1:20和1:10,但长期(28 d)防效趋于一致。从经济学和生态学的角度综合考虑,以瓢蚜比1:20或1:40释放比较适宜
Harmonia axyridis and Tinocallis kahawaluokalani adults were trapped in Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Zhejiang province in August 2017. Experiment of predation of H. axyridis against T. kahawaluokalani was carried out in the laboratory. The results showed that the predation of H. axyridis was conformed with the model Holling-Ⅱ,with the equation of Na=0.987 5N/(1+0.005 43N). The rate of instantaneous attack was 0.987 5 and handle time was 0.005 5 day. By fitting the interfering model of Hassell and Valley, the relationship between predation rate(E) and prey density(P) was E=0.542P~(-0.809) with 0.542 of prey constant and 0.809 interfering parameter. By fitting the model of Holling,the equation was Na=127.99 exp(-61.55/N), with the best density of 61.55. In May 2017, experiment was implemented on release of H.axyridis in Hangzhou Botanical Garden with different numbers to control T. kahawaluokalani. The results demonstrated that it had different effect with different density.
Harmonia axyridis and Tinocallis kahawaluokalani adults were trapped in Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Zhejiang province in August 2017. Experiment of predation of H. axyridis against T. kahawaluokalani was carried out in the laboratory. The results showed that the predation of H. axyridis was conformed with the model Holling-Ⅱ,with the equation of Na=0.987 5N/(1+0.005 43N). The rate of instantaneous attack was 0.987 5 and handle time was 0.005 5 day. By fitting the interfering model of Hassell and Valley, the relationship between predation rate(E) and prey density(P) was E=0.542P~(-0.809) with 0.542 of prey constant and 0.809 interfering parameter. By fitting the model of Holling,the equation was Na=127.99 exp(-61.55/N), with the best density of 61.55. In May 2017, experiment was implemented on release of H.axyridis in Hangzhou Botanical Garden with different numbers to control T. kahawaluokalani. The results demonstrated that it had different effect with different density.
引文
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[2]方寅昊,陶玫,马钧,等.异色瓢虫对绣线菊蚜捕食功能研究[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,28(3):306-309.
[3]邹运鼎,季近,孟庆雷,等.异色瓢虫成虫对麦二叉蚜的捕食作用模型[J].生物数学学报,1995(3):194-199.
[4]邓建华,谭仲夏,单琼丽,等.异色瓢虫对烟蚜的捕食功能反应及密度干扰效应[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版,2002,24(5):433-435.
[5]李照会,郑方强,叶保华,等.异色瓢虫对白毛蚜捕食作用的研究[J].昆虫学报,1993,36(4):438-443.
[6]何孙强,刘经芳,王义平.浙江省竹林瓢虫物种组成与类群结构[J].浙江林业科技,2014,34(4):45-49.
[7]HOLLING C S.Some characteristics of simple type of predation parasitism[J].Can Ent,1959,91(1):385-398.
[8]HASSELL M P,COMINS H N.Sigmoid functional responses and population stability[J].Theor Populat Biol,1978,14(1):62-67.
[9]汪世泽.Holling-Ⅲ型功能反应新模型[J].生态学杂志,1988,7(1):45-49.
[10]林长春,陈国华,陶玫,等.异色瓢虫对异毛真胸蚜的捕食功能反应[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,24(3):364-368.
[11]张娟,陶玫,陈国华,等.异色瓢虫对康氏粉蚧的捕食作用[J].西南农业学报,2007,20(4):662-665.
[12]赵琦,韦党杨.双带瓢虫对柑桔蚜捕食作用的研究[J].昆虫天敌,1998,20(1):9-12.