According to the pollen combination analysis, paleomagnetic chronology, electron spin resonance (ESR) age of fluviolacustrine facies deposition and lithology characteristics, this paper discussed the relationship between paleoclimate and the evolution of Zanda paleolake during Pliocene-early Pleistocene in Zanda Basin, Tibet. The results show that the Zanda paleolake has went through three phases: early marsh period, the medium-term developing period and late dying out of lake period. Evolution of the Zanda paleolake has good relationship with the change of the paleovegetation and paleoclimate. Uplift of the plateau has controlled the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment changes, thereby affected the quantity of the lake changes.