This paper studied the toxicity and its mechanism of H2 S and SO2, carried research on the distribution of H2S and SO2 in coalbed gas and natural gas and related major problems, and analyzed and discussed the causticity and toxicity of H2S and SO2, along with related accidents, in exploration and the mining of natural gas and coalbed gas. The results strongly recommend that the content of H2S and SO2 be considered in coalbed gas areas for exploring and mining. Initial research has suggested that the safety threshold value is approximately 0.0013% for H2S, and 0. 036% for SO2. Advanced research is in demand. In addition, the paleogeography deposition environment during the coal forming can serve as an index for selecting coalbed gas areas to explore and mine.