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Spacial and Temporal Variations of H and O Isotope Compositions of the Yangtze River Water and Their Environmental Implications
详细信息   
摘要
The H and O isotope compositions of the Yangtze River water was investigated on the samples collected from the mainsteam and main tributaries during 2003～2007. Large variation ranges were observed for δD (-30‰～-112‰) and δ18O (-3.8‰～-15.4‰)。Along the river course (from the river head to the river mouth), the H and O isotope compositions of the river water collected in different time period display always a similar variation pattern, i. e. the δD and δ18O values decrease gradually from the river head to the Panzhihua station and then increase gradually from the Panzhihua station to the river mouth. It is found that the meteoric water is the most important factor to control the δD and δ18O values of the Yangtze River water. The δD and δ18O variation trend from the Panzhihua station to the river mouth is parallel to the δD and δ18O variation trend of the meteoric water in the drainage area. The difference of δD and δ18O compositions between various tributaries and its effect to the δD and δ18O of the mainsteam reflects also the constraint of the meteoric water to the Yangtze River water. Evaporation has also important effect to the H and O isotope compositions of the Yangtze River water. Due to very dry weather and strong sunshine in the river head area of the Yangtze, long-term evaporation will increase the salinity and H and O isotope compositions of the water in lakes and marshes, then making effect to the H and O isotope compositions of the river water. It is found that evaporation can also raise the δD and δ18O values of the water of Dongting and Poyang lakes during the dry season and lead to a increase of the δD and δ18O values in the water of related section of the Yangtze. The melting of snow and ice is another important factor affecting the H and O isotope compositions of the Yangtze River. The snow and ice melting water is an important source in the mainsteam river head and the heads of all tributaries, that flow into the mainsteam of the Yangtze from left side. Due to the snow and ice melting water has unique H and O isotope composition, change of their contribution can affect the H and O isotope composition of the Yangtze River water. The Three Gorge Dam has little effect to the H and O isotope composition of the water in related section of the Yangtze in the high water season. However, it show clear influence to the H and O isotope composition of the water in section from Yichang to Shashi in the low water season by changing the supply of different water sources. Our investigation indicates that the H and O isotope tracing method can play a key role in studying the interaction between river water and other waters, such as the meteoric water, underground water, lake water and ice and snow melting water. We believe that a combination of proper H and O isotope study with conventional meteoric and hydrological investigation can be very helpful to understand the variation trend of water resource in the Yangtze River system.

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