• 责任者：Xu Junjie (School of Urban and Environment Sciences ; Peking University ; Beijing 100871 ; China) ; Mo Duowen
• 刊名：Quaternary Sciences
• 出版年：2013
• 卷期：33(5)
• 关键词：全新世 ; Holocene ; 人类活动 ; human activity ; 河南 ; Henan Province
• 页码：p.954-964
• 图表：4 illus., 1 table, 66 refs.
• 分类号：1400
• issnNo：ISSN1001-7410
• isbnNo：CN11-2708/P

     Zhenshui River,southeast of Song Mountain,is the fourth branch of Ying River in Xinmi City,Henan Province.It locates in the center of central plain＇s Neolithic culture area.It has large number of Neolithic culture sites in this and its＇ adjacent region,and is also one of the important civilization cradles in China.Shiyuan profile（34°29.409＇N,113°36.933＇E; Elevation of 132 meters）,with depth of 4.22 meters and 211 samples separated in 2cm,locates on the second terrace of Zhenshui River.To investigate the effect of environment changes on the culture transition,the environment records from multiple proxies including grain size,magnetic susceptibility,pollen and radiocarbon dating are correlated with the Neolithic cultural records in Zhenshui River region.It has been dated by 14C radiocarbon that the results of samples sy18（386-388cm in depth）,sy74（274-276cm in depth）,sy117（188-190cm in depth）,sy177（68-70cm in depth）,sy189（44-46cm in depth）,and sy205（12-14cm in depth）are 7800±60cal.aB.P.,6045±45cal.aB.P.,5455±40cal.aB.P.,3560±40cal.aB.P.,3330±40cal.aB.P.,and 2775±40cal.aB.P.,respectively. The profile is separated into 4 sections,with the date 8000-5000cal.aB.P.,5000-4000cal.aB.P.,4000-3000cal.aB.P.,and 3000cal.aB.P.to now in each section.From the analysis of the grain size and magnetic susceptibility results,there are three terraces formed in Holocene period：The third terrace is formed in late Pleistocene,and people used to live on this terrace through the Neolithic time.The second terrace is formed around 6000cal.aB.P.in the lower reaches,but it began to cut down around 4000cal.aB.P.from the Xiangshui fall in the middle reaches.The third terrace is formed in late historical period,and it has been also documented that the climate is almost the same warm and wet as present in the Early Holocene（8500-7000cal.aB.P.）.The warmest-wettest phase of the whole Holocene is the period（7000-5000cal.aB.P.）in this region,and it changed to cold-arid around 4000cal.aB.P.During 3900-3600cal.aB.P.,the climate is warm and dry and has a trend to be drier in this period.In the time of Peiligang Culture（8500-7000cal.aB.P.）,people come down to the loess plateau and the third terrace of Zhenshui River from the hill,and live on hunting and dry farming.A large number of sites are found in Yangshao Culture period（7000-5000cal.aB.P.）.The population is larger than before and dry farming plays a more important role in people＇s life.People have to expand their space to feed more persons.As the result of this reason,they gradually migrate down to the middle and lower reaches.In the period of Longshan Culture（5000-4000cal.aB.P.）,settlements are classified and the population gets more centralized than ever.Guchengzhai site（5000-4000cal.aB.P.）was found a center city as the result of population centralization.From 4000cal.aB.P.on,people moved down and gradually lived on the east plain.