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• 标题：From nanofiltration membrane permeances to design projections for the remediation and valorisation of acid mine waters
• 关键词：Resource recovery,Acidic mine waters,NF270,Desal DL,Nanofiltration
• 作者：J. López, M. Reig, X. Vecino, O. Gibert, J.L. Cortina

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Acidic Mine Waters (AMWs) are characterised by high acidity (pH b 3) as H2SO4 and elevated contents of metals (Al, Fe, Cu, Zn), including rare earth elements (REEs). Due to the exhaustion of minable REE containing-minerals, AMWs are increasingly regarded as an alternative source of REEs. Among the different alternatives for the preconcentration of AMWs required to make the REE extraction possible, nanofifiltration (NF) membranes emerge as a promising technology because they not only successfully reject multivalent ions (metals), allowing its concentration in the retentate stream, but also permit the transport of monovalent ones, such as H+ and HSO4−, allowing the recovery of sulphuric acid in the permeate. Despite this potential of NF, there is still a lack of modelling tools for predicting the performance of NF membranes because of its dependence on solution composition, membrane properties and interaction between both. In this study, a prediction tool based on the SolutionElectro-Diffusion model (including the effect of solution composition) was developed and experimentally validated for the application of two polyamide-based NF membranes (NF270 and Desal DL) for the recovery of REEs and H2SO4 from three different synthetic solutions mimicking AMWs (pH 1.0, 60 mg/L REEs and, 25–600 mg/L Al, Cu, Ca and Zn) differing in their Fe concentration (0–2125 mg/L). Metals were effectively rejected (N98%), whereas H2SO4 was transported across the membrane (H+ rejections b30%). The mathematical model was able to predict the performance of both membranes as well as the potential scaling events associated with Fe and Al hydroxides and hydroxy-sulphates.

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