Forty PI were randomized to receive two LE: MSF (50:40:10 Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT): Soybean oil (SO): FO) or MS (50:50 MCT:SO). We measured plasma lipids on day 7 and the fractional and absolute synthesis rates (FSR and ASR) of cholesterol and of selected fatty acids (FA) after 2H2O body water labeling.
Plasma phospholipids (PL), free cholesterol (FC), and cholesterol esters (CE) concentrations were all lower in MSF than in MS. In spite of lower plasma FC and CE concentrations, cholesterol biosynthesis was similar between the two study groups (FC: FSR 16.0 ± 1.4 vs 14.1 ± 1.1%/d, p = 0.74; ASR 6.8 ± 0.6 vs 7.1 ± 0.6 mg kg−1 d−1, p = 0.93; CE: FSR 3.6 ± 0.5 vs 4.2 ± 0.4%/d, p = 0.38; ASR: 3.3 ± 0.4 vs 4.4 ± 0.5 mg kg−1 d−1, p = 0.13, in MSF and MS respectively). FSR and ASR of selected FA were, or tended to be, lower in MSF than in MS. ASR of PL palmitate (4.0 ± 0.3 vs 4.8 ± 0.4 mg kg−1 d−1, p = 0.045), PL oleate (0.2 ± 0.04 vs 0.4 ± 0.05 mg kg−1 d−1, p = 0.02) and CE oleate (0.5 ± 0.1 vs 0.9 ± 0.1 mg kg−1 d−1, p = 0.03) were significantly lower in MSF than in MS. There were no differences in plasma TG FA biosynthesis.
Cholesterol biosynthesis was not affected by 10% FO during neonatal parenteral nutrition. Ten percent FO caused a statistically significant reduction in the lipogenesis of selected FA and an overall tendency towards a reduced lipogenesis. The magnitude seems to be limited and the biological significance is unknown. Our data warrant follow-up studies in PI who receive intravenous FO, especially in those infants who receive larger doses than in the present study.
Since this trial started in 2007, trial registration was not required.
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