Animal models of major depression and their clinical implications

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• 作者：Boldizs&aacute ; r Czé ; h^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^d ; ^{czeh.boldizsar@pte.hu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Eberhard Fuchs^e ; ^f ; Ove Wiborg^d ; M&aacute ; ria Simon^g
• 关键词：5-HT1A ; 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A receptor ; BDNF ; brain-derived neurotrophic factor ; CMS ; chronic mild stress ; CRH ; corticotropin-releasing hormone ; CRH-R1 ; corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor-1 ; DFP ; diisopropyl fluorophosphates ; DSM-5 ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Fifth Edition ; FSL ; Flinders Sensitive rat Line ; GABA ; 纬-aminobutyric acid ; GWAS ; genome-wide association studies ; HAB ; high-anxiety-behavior rat line ; HPA ; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal ; HY ; high-yawning
• 刊名：Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：4 January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：64
• 期：Complete
• 页码：293-310
• 全文大小：1996 K

文摘

Major depressive disorder is a common, complex, and potentially life-threatening mental disorder that imposes a severe social and economic burden worldwide. Over the years, numerous animal models have been established to elucidate pathophysiology that underlies depression and to test novel antidepressant treatment strategies. Despite these substantial efforts, the animal models available currently are of limited utility for these purposes, probably because none of the models mimics this complex disorder fully. It is presumable that psychiatric illnesses, such as affective disorders, are related to the complexity of the human brain. Here, we summarize the animal models that are used most commonly for depression, and discuss their advantages and limitations. We discuss genetic models, including the recently developed optogenetic tools and the stress models, such as the social stress, chronic mild stress, learned helplessness, and early-life stress paradigms. Moreover, we summarize briefly the olfactory bulbectomy model, as well as models that are based on pharmacological manipulations and disruption of the circadian rhythm. Finally, we highlight common misinterpretations and often-neglected important issues in this field.