Holocene sediment dynamics in the environs of the fortification enclosure of Corneşti-Iarcuri in the Romanian Banat

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• 作者：Moritz Nykamp^a ; ^d ; ^{m.nykamp@fu-berlin.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Philipp Hoelzmann^a ; ^d ; Bernhard S. Heeb^b ; ^d ; Alexandru Szentmiklosi^c ; Brigitta Schü ; tt^a ; ^d
• 关键词：Landscape evolution ; Loess derived soils ; Alluvial fan formation ; Human&ndash ; environmental interactions ; Landscape archaeology ; Late Bronze Age
• 刊名：Quaternary International
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：10 September 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：415
• 期：Complete
• 页码：190-203
• 全文大小：4843 K

文摘

The presented study combines data from geomorphological, geochemical, sedimentological, chronometric, and archaeological records providing first insights into the Holocene landscape development in the environs of the Late Bronze Age fortification enclosure Corneşti-Iarcuri. This large-scale archaeological site is located in a loess-covered, undulating landscape at the eastern edge of the Great Hungarian Plain, in western Romania. Sediment archives from geomorphologically different locations, closely related to the Copper Age to Late Bronze Age settlements, are presented. Mainly stable geomorphic conditions throughout the Holocene occurred on the high plains of the Vinga Plain as indicated by chemical alteration of the loss deposits and soil formation processes exceeding 2 m. In contrast, two cores from an alluvial fan of a minor drainage system in direct vicinity of the archaeological site document varying morphodynamics throughout the Holocene. Phases of geomorphic activity and stability are indicated by the formation of fan deposits and paleosols developed in these sediments. ¹⁴C dates from charcoal extracted from the fan sediments show maximum deposition ages between c. 4400 cal. BP and c. 2900 cal. BP. Thus, the formation of the charcoal coincides with the Copper Age to Late Bronze Age development of the settlement sites. Daub pieces, incorporated into these reworked soil sediments, provide evidence for human activities in the catchment. This, in turn, may indicate that the erosion processes that led to the fan formation are linked to those activities. However, reworking and redeposition of the charcoal and daub bearing sediments due to retrogressive erosion during the last millennia cannot be excluded.