Prognosis and survival analysis of paraquat poisoned patients based on improved HPLC-UV method

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• 作者：Guangliang Hong^a ; ¹ ; Lufeng Hu^b ; ¹ ; Yahui Tang^a ; Tao Zhang^c ; Xiaowen Kang^a ; Guangju Zhao^a ; Zhongqiu Lu^a ; ^{wzlu2014@126.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; ^{lzq640815@163.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Paraquat ; Prognosis ; Patient ; HPLC
• 刊名：Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July-August 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：80
• 期：Complete
• 页码：75-81
• 全文大小：489 K

文摘

Paraquat (PQ) has caused deaths of numerous people around the world. In order to assess the lethal plasma concentration, the patients who acquired acute PQ intoxication were analyzed by plasma concentration monitoring. The plasma PQ concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which used 5-bromopyrimidine as internal standard and trichloroacetic acid-methanol (1:9) as protein precipitant. The liver, kidney and coagulation function were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer. According to plasma PQ concentration, 90 patients were divided into four groups: trace PQ group (< 50 ng/mL), low PQ group (< 1000 ng/mL), medium PQ group (1000–5000 ng/mL) and high PQ group (> 5000 ng/mL). The clinical data from the four groups was statistically analyzed. The results showed the developed HPLC methods exhibited a high degree of accuracy and good linearity within 50–25000 ng/mL (R = 0.9998). The Spearman's correlation analysis showed PQ concentration had a strong relationship to total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, aspartic transaminase, urea nitrogen, prothrombin time, prothrombin activity, and international normalized ratio (P < 0.01). The cured or survival PQ poisoned patients among the trace PQ group, the low PQ group, the medium PQ group, and the high PQ group were 19/19 (100%), 19/21 (90.47%), 11/25 (44.0%), and 0/25 (0%) respectively. The mean hospital days were (10.37 ± 8.04), (18.76 ± 12.06), (16.76 ± 14.44), and (4.04 ± 5.41) days respectively. The Cox regression analysis indicated that plasma PQ concentration was highly related to prognosis (P < 0.05). In conclusion, no patient presenting with a PQ concentration over 5000 ng/mL survived. The plasma PQ level is related to liver, kidney and coagulation function, which can be used as an important clinical index to judge the prognosis of PQ poisoned patients.

Chemical compounds

Paraquat (PubChem CID: 15938), 5-bromopyrimidine (PubChem CID: 78344), acetonitrile (PubChem CID: 6342), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (PubChem CID: 23672064), sodium heptanesulfonate (PubChem CID: 23672332), methylprednisolone (PubChem CID: 6741), cyclophosphamide (PubChem CID: 2907).