Aetiology of in-hospital cardiac arrest on general wards

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• 作者：Joonas Tirkkonen^a ; ^b ; ¹ ; ^{tirkkonen.joonas.o@student.uta.fi" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Heidi Hellevuo^c ; ¹ ; ^{heidi.hellevuo@fimnet.fi" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Klaus T. Olkkola^d ; ^{klaus.olkkola@helsinki.fi" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Sanna Hoppu^a ; ^{sanna.hoppu@pshp.fi" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：In-hospital cardiac arrest ; IHCA ; Aetiology
• 刊名：Resuscitation
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：October 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：107
• 期：Complete
• 页码：19-24
• 全文大小：629 K

文摘

Aetiology of in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCAs) on general wards has not been studied. We aimed to determine the underlying causes for IHCAs by the means of autopsy records and clinical judgement of the treating consultants. Furthermore, we investigated whether aetiology and preceding vital dysfunctions are associated with long-term survival.

Design and setting

Prospective observational study between 2009–2011 including 279 adult IHCA patients attended by medical emergency team in a Finnish university hospital’s general wards.

Results

The median age of the patients was 72 (64, 80) years, 185 (66%) were male, 178 (64%) of events were monitored/witnessed, first rhythm was shockable in 42 (15%) cases and 53 (19%) patients survived six months. Aetiology was determined as cardiac in 141 events, 73 of which were due to acute myocardial infarction. There were 138 non-cardiac IHCAs; most common causes were pneumonia (39) and exsanguination (16). No statistical difference was observed in the incidence of objective vital dysfunctions preceding the event between the cardiac and non-cardiac groups (40% vs. 44%, p = 0.448). Subjective antecedents were more common in the cardiac cohort (47% vs. 32%, p = 0.022), chest pain being an example (11% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.001). Reviewing all 279 IHCAs, only shockable primary rhythm, monitored/witnessed event and low comorbidity score were independently associated with 180-day survival.

Conclusions

Cardiac aetiology underlies half of the IHCAs on general wards. Both objective and subjective antecedents are common. However, neither the cardiac aetiology nor the absence of preceding deterioration of vital signs were factors independently associated with a favourable outcome.