The association between air pollution and blood pressure in traffic controllers in Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil

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• 作者：Paulo S&#xe9 ; rgio Chiarelli^a ; Luiz Alberto Amador Pereira^a ; ^b ; Paulo Hil&#xe1 ; rio do Nascimento Saldiva^a ; Celso Ferreira Filho^c ; Maria Lú ; cia Bueno Garcia^d ; Alf&#xe9 ; sio Lu&#xed ; s Ferreira Braga^a ; ^b ; Lourdes Concei&#xe7 ; &#xe3 ; o Martins^a ; ^b ; ^{lourdesc@usp.br"" rel=""nofollow}
• 关键词：Air pollution ; Traffic ; Arterial blood pressure ; Traffic controllers ; Linear mixed effect models ; PM₁₀ ; O₃
• 刊名：Environmental Research
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：July 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：111
• 期：5
• 页码：650-655
• 全文大小：307 K

文摘

Background

Urban air pollutants are associated with cardiovascular events. Traffic controllers are at high risk for pollution exposure during outdoor work shifts.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and systemic blood pressure in traffic controllers during their work shifts.

Methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled 19 male traffic controllers from Santo André city (São Paulo, Brazil) who were 30–60 years old and exposed to ambient air during outdoor work shifts. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings were measured every 15 min by an Ambulatory Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring device. Hourly measurements (lags of 0–5 h) and the moving averages (2–5 h) of particulate matter (PM₁₀), ozone (O₃) ambient concentrations and the acquired daily minimum temperature and humidity means from the São Paulo State Environmental Agency were correlated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Statistical methods included descriptive analysis and linear mixed effect models adjusted for temperature, humidity, work periods and time of day.

Results

Interquartile increases of PM₁₀ (33 μg/m³) and O₃ (49 μg/m³) levels were associated with increases in all arterial pressure parameters, ranging from 1.06 to 2.53 mmHg. PM₁₀ concentration was associated with early effects (lag 0), mainly on systolic blood pressure. However, O₃ was weakly associated most consistently with diastolic blood pressure and with late cumulative effects.

Conclusions

Santo André traffic controllers presented higher blood pressure readings while working their outdoor shifts during periods of exposure to ambient pollutant fluctuations. However, PM₁₀ and O₃ induced cardiovascular effects demonstrated different time courses and end-point behaviors and probably acted through different mechanisms.