文摘
This study analyses the presence of pesticides in 106 samples of raw propolis from Spain and Chile. The components detected and quantified using gas chromatography mass spectrometry were as follows: triamidefon present in 70.1% of the samples with concentrations between 0.35 and 42.17 mg/kg, and dicofol detected in 7.5% of the samples with concentrations between 0.39 and 2.83 mg/kg. Diclorofluanid, procymidone, folpet, propham and metazachlor were also detected but only in a small number of samples. Near infrared spectroscopy with a remote reflectance fibre-optic probe was used to detect samples contaminated with triadimefon via partial least squares discriminant, with a R2 value of 0.71. In addition, the presence of the pesticide triadimefon in propolis was quantified using the modified partial least squares (MPLS) regression method. The calibration results showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.81, a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.36, and a ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) of 2.5.