The relative virulence of 11 H5N1 viruses isolated between 2006 and 2013 were determined. Clade 2.3.2.1b, but not 2.3.2.1a viruses were associated with ferret lethality. Clade 2.3.2.1b viruses possessed the most severe histopathological changes in lung tissues. Molecular correlates of H5N1 virus pathogenicity were assessed.