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Stability of smokeless powder compounds on collection devices
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Overall, the tested compounds potentially present in smokeless powders and organic gunshot residues (OGSR) degraded more pronounced on spiked alcohol swabs than on spiked gunshot residue stubs. Compounds commonly present in OGSR such as NG, DPA, or EC showed a high degree of degradation overall, which can be problematic especially for the sequential analysis of inorganic and organic gunshot residues. In contrast, most of the energetic compounds tested in this study were found as relatively stable under the applied storage conditions, i.e. stored in closed vials and in a refrigerator at 4 °C. Since common target compounds for OGSR, i.e. NG, DPA, and EC, degraded significantly in the first four days under the tested storage conditions, it is recommended to analyse collected specimens as soon as possible even when stored in closed vials and in a refrigerator.

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