Self-Contained, Fully Integrated Biochip for Sample Preparation, Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification, and DNA Microarray Detection

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• 作者：Robin Hui Liu ; Jianing Yang ; Ralf Lenigk ; Justin Bonanno ; and Piotr Grodzinski
• 刊名：Analytical Chemistry
• 出版年：2004
• 出版时间：April 1, 2004
• 年：2004
• 卷：76
• 期：7
• 页码：1824 - 1831
• 全文大小：305K
• 年卷期：v.76,no.7(April 1, 2004)
• ISSN：1520-6882

文摘

A fully integrated biochip device that consists of microfluidic mixers, valves, pumps, channels, chambers, heaters, and DNA microarray sensors was developed toperform DNA analysis of complex biological sample solutions. Sample preparation (including magnetic bead-basedcell capture, cell preconcentration and purification, andcell lysis), polymerase chain reaction, DNA hybridization,and electrochemical detection were performed in this fullyautomated and miniature device. Cavitation microstreaming was implemented to enhance target cell capture fromwhole blood samples using immunomagnetic beads andaccelerate DNA hybridization reaction. Thermally actuatedparaffin-based microvalves were developed to regulateflows. Electrochemical pumps and thermopneumaticpumps were integrated on the chip to provide pumpingof liquid solutions. The device is completely self-contained: no external pressure sources, fluid storage,mechanical pumps, or valves are necessary for fluidmanipulation, thus eliminating possible sample contamination and simplifying device operation. Pathogenic bacteria detection from approximately milliliters of wholeblood samples and single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis directly from diluted blood were demonstrated. Thedevice provides a cost-effective solution to direct sample-to-answer genetic analysis and thus has a potential impactin the fields of point-of-care genetic analysis, environmental testing, and biological warfare agent detection.