Critical Tissue Residue Approach Linking Accumulated Metals in Aquatic Insects to Population and Community-Level Effects

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• 作者：Travis S. Schmidt ; William H. Clements ; Robert E. Zuellig ; Katharine A. Mitchell ; Stanley E. Church ; Richard B. Wanty ; Carma A. San Juan ; Monique Adams ; Paul J. Lamothe
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：August 15, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：45
• 期：16
• 页码：7004-7010
• 全文大小：924K
• 年卷期：v.45,no.16(August 15, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Whole body Zn concentrations in individuals (n = 825) from three aquatic insect taxa (mayflies Rhithrogena spp. and Drunella spp. and the caddisfly Arctopsyche grandis) were used to predict effects on populations and communities (n = 149 samples). Both mayflies accumulated significantly more Zn than the caddisfly. The presence/absence of Drunella spp. most reliably distinguished sites with low and high Zn concentrations; however, population densities of mayflies were more sensitive to increases in accumulated Zn. Critical tissue residues (634 渭g/g Zn for Drunella spp. and 267 渭g/g Zn for Rhithrogena spp.) caused a 20% reduction in maximum (90th quantile) mayfly densities. These critical tissue residues were associated with exposure to 7.0 and 3.9 渭g/L dissolved Zn for Drunella spp. and Rhithrogena spp., respectively. A threshold in a measure of taxonomic completeness (observed/expected) was observed at 5.4 渭g/L dissolved Zn. Dissolved Zn concentrations associated with critical tissue residues in mayflies were also associated with adverse effects in the aquatic community as a whole. These effects on populations and communities occurred at Zn concentrations below the U.S. EPA hardness-adjusted continuous chronic criterion.