Development of a Fluorescence-Based Sensor for Rapid Diagnosis of Cyanide Exposure

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• 作者：Randy Jackson ; Robert P. Oda ; Raj K. Bhandari ; Sari B. Mahon ; Matthew Brenner ; Gary A. Rockwood ; Brian A. Logue
• 刊名：Analytical Chemistry
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：February 4, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：86
• 期：3
• 页码：1845-1852
• 全文大小：325K
• ISSN：1520-6882

文摘

Although commonly known as a highly toxic chemical, cyanide is also an essential reagent for many industrial processes in areas such as mining, electroplating, and synthetic fiber production. The 鈥渉eavy鈥?use of cyanide in these industries, along with its necessary transportation, increases the possibility of human exposure. Because the onset of cyanide toxicity is fast, a rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for the diagnosis of cyanide exposure is necessary. Therefore, a field sensor for the diagnosis of cyanide exposure was developed based on the reaction of naphthalene dialdehyde, taurine, and cyanide, yielding a fluorescent 尾-isoindole. An integrated cyanide capture 鈥渁pparatus鈥? consisting of sample and cyanide capture chambers, allowed rapid separation of cyanide from blood samples. Rabbit whole blood was added to the sample chamber, acidified, and the HCN gas evolved was actively transferred through a stainless steel channel to the capture chamber containing a basic solution of naphthalene dialdehyde (NDA) and taurine. The overall analysis time (including the addition of the sample) was <3 min, the linear range was 3.13鈥?00 渭M, and the limit of detection was 0.78 渭M. None of the potential interferents investigated (NaHS, NH₄OH, NaSCN, and human serum albumin) produced a signal that could be interpreted as a false positive or a false negative for cyanide exposure. Most importantly, the sensor was 100% accurate in diagnosing cyanide poisoning for acutely exposed rabbits.