Dendrite-Free Lithium Deposition via Self-Healing Electrostatic Shield Mechanism

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• 作者：Fei Ding ; Wu Xu ; Gordon L. Graff ; Jian Zhang ; Maria L. Sushko ; Xilin Chen ; Yuyan Shao ; Mark H. Engelhard ; Zimin Nie ; Jie Xiao ; Xingjiang Liu ; Peter V. Sushko ; Jun Liu ; Ji-Guang Zhang
• 刊名：The Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：March 20, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：135
• 期：11
• 页码：4450-4456
• 全文大小：508K
• 年卷期：v.135,no.11(March 20, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

Rechargeable lithium metal batteries are considered the 鈥淗oly Grail鈥?of energy storage systems. Unfortunately, uncontrollable dendritic lithium growth inherent in these batteries (upon repeated charge/discharge cycling) has prevented their practical application over the past 40 years. We show a novel mechanism that can fundamentally alter dendrite formation. At low concentrations, selected cations (such as cesium or rubidium ions) exhibit an effective reduction potential below the standard reduction potential of lithium ions. During lithium deposition, these additive cations form a positively charged electrostatic shield around the initial growth tip of the protuberances without reduction and deposition of the additives. This forces further deposition of lithium to adjacent regions of the anode and eliminates dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries. This strategy may also prevent dendrite growth in lithium-ion batteries as well as other metal batteries and transform the surface uniformity of coatings deposited in many general electrodeposition processes.