Phosphorus and Nitrogen Dual-Doped Few-Layered Porous Graphene: A High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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• 作者：Xinlong Ma ; Guoqing Ning ; Chuanlei Qi ; Chenggen Xu ; Jinsen Gao
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：August 27, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：6
• 期：16
• 页码：14415-14422
• 全文大小：548K
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

Few-layered graphene networks composed of phosphorus and nitrogen dual-doped porous graphene (PNG) are synthesized via a MgO-templated chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using (NH₄)₃PO₄ as N and P source. P and N atoms have been substitutionally doped in graphene networks since the doping takes place at the same time with the graphene growth in the CVD process. Raman spectra show that the amount of defects or disorders increases after P and N atoms are incorporated into graphene frameworks. The doping levels of P and N measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are 0.6 and 2.6 at %, respectively. As anodes for Li ion batteries (LIBs), the PNG electrode exhibits high reversible capacity (2250 mA h g^鈥? at the current density of 50 mA g^鈥?), excellent rate capability (750 mA h g^鈥? at 1000 mA g^鈥?), and satisfactory cycling stability (no capacity decay after 1500 cycles), showing much enhanced electrode performance as compared to the undoped few-layered porous graphene. Our results show that the PNG is a promising candidate for anode materials in high-rate LIBs.

Keywords:

phosphorus doping; porous graphene; chemical vapor deposition; lithium-ion battery; anode